Florística de uma floresta estacional no Planalto da Borborema, nordeste do Brasil

Abstract

ResumoO conhecimento disponível sobre a flora das florestas montanas (Brejo de Altitude) do semiárido de Pernambuco aponta duas situações: uma com maior semelhança à das florestas mais próximas à costa atlântica; e outra mais similar às florestas mais secas do sertão nordestino. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a composição de fragmentos de floresta montana no município de Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco, situados numa área geográfica de transição entre aqueles tipos florestais. Os resultados foram comparados com cinco levantamentos florísticos realizados em florestas pernambucanas que utilizaram metodologia similar de amostragem. Foram identificadas 293 espécies, distribuídas em 185 gêneros e 71 famílias. As espécies arbóreas e arbustivas/subarbustivas se destacaram em riqueza total de espécies coletadas (50% e 24%, respectivamente), indicando similaridade florística com as florestas montanas mais próximas à costa atlântica. Os outros hábitos não apresentaram padrão claro de similaridade florística. Palavras-chave: Brejo de Altitude, composição florística, floresta montana, fragmento. AbstractThe information available on the flora of upland forests of Pernambuco's semi-arid region ("brejo de altitude") indicates two situations: one flora more similar with forests closer to the Atlantic coast; and another more similar to the drier forests of northeastern inlands. This study aimed to investigate the floristic composition of upland forest fragments in the municipality of Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco, located in a geographical transition area between those forests. The results were compared with five floristic surveys carried out in Pernambuco forests that used similar sampling methodologies. Two-hundred ninety-three species were identified, distributed among 185 genera and 71 families. Arboreal and shrubby/subshrub species stood out richness of the total species collected (50% and 24%, respectively), which indicates floristic similarity with the highland forests closer to the Atlantic coast. The other habits did not present clear floristic similarity patterns.

Flora of Baturité, Ceará: a Wet Island in the Brazilian Semiarid

“…The high richness of vascular plants confirms the documented pattern for mountainous areas of the Brazilian semiarid: they are more diverse than the surrounding Caatinga, since they contain a mix of Caatinga and Atlantic Forest species (Carnaval et al, 2009;Leite et al, 2016;Lopes et al, 2017). In addition, the richness of 400 species of vascular plants, found on the Baturité Mountain Range, is higher than the species richness registered for other similar Brazilian forests, e.g., Pau-Ferro Ecological Reserve, with 309 species, in Paraíba State (Barbosa et al, 2004), Brejo Madre de Deus, with 293 species, in Pernambuco State (Nascimento et al, 2012) and Meruoca Sierra, with 100 species, in Ceará State (Silva & Figueiredo, 2013), highlighting the importance of this montane forests for the conservation of tropical biodiversity.…”

“…The area of occurrence of Myrtaceae in the Evergreen Forest, both on the windward and on the leeward slopes, above 600 m and 800 m, respectively, confirms the pattern reported by Peixoto & Gentry (1990), also observed in the Atlantic Domain as a whole. Furthermore, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, Bromeliaceae, Melastomataceae, Euphorbiaceae and Orchidaceae are abundant in Tropical Rainforests as well, including lowland and highland Seasonal Evergreen Forests in the States of Pernambuco and Paraíba (Rodal & Nascimento, 2002;Andrade & Rodal, 2004;Barbosa et al, 2004;Ferraz & Rodal, 2006;Nascimento et al, 2012;Rodal & Sales, 2008 Concerning growth forms, the studied flora was composed of 214 trees (54%), 82 shrubs, 49 terrestrial herbs, 23 epiphytic herbs, 18 vines, 10 subshrubs and 4 hemiparasites. There was a positive correlation between altitude and richness of trees, shrubs, subshrubs, epiphytic herbs and terrestrial herbs (R 2 > 0.60 and p < 0.05).…”

Floristic characterization of an Atlantic Rainforest remnant in Southern Sergipe: Crasto forest

“…Higher percentages of species in the tree layer were registered in Atlantic Forest fragments in north-eastern and south-eastern Brazil (Table 2), accounting for over half the species in Pernambuco and Sã o Paulo. In a study carried out in another type of forest found in the Brazilian northeast, a fragment of montane forest in the municipality of Brejo da Madre de Deus, in Pernambuco (Nascimento, Rodal & Silva 2012), the tree habit was also the best represented (50% of all species).…”

Floristic survey of the Mata do Junco Wildlife Refuge, Capela, Sergipe State, Brazil

“…Some of these (A. conyzoides, C. sylvestris and C. surinamensis) occur in all biomes in Brazil (Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção), being than A. conyzoides is recognized as an invasive species of crops (Klein & Fellipe 1991). In the Atlantic rainforest, C. surinamensis and M. scabra are typical of edges and capoeiras (Nascimento et al 2012, Ribeiro et al 2015, while C. sylvestre and C. hexandra are tree species classified in early secondary about the ecological group and are common in both the Atlantic rainforest and the Cerrado (Silva et al 2003, Paula et al 2004.…”