Occurrence of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in household dogs from northern Parana

Silva, Gislaine Cristina Ferreira da; Benitez, Aline do Nascimento; Girotto, Aline; Taroda, Alessandra; Vidotto, Marilda Carlos; Garcia, João Luís; Freitas, Júlio César de; Headley, Selwyn Arlington; Vidotto, Odilon

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612012005000009

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These results largely contrast to all other regions of Brazil that have been investigated, where recent studies have indicated, by molecular methods, that a considerable proportion of the dogs was infected by E. canis, A. platys, B. vogeli, and/or H. canis (RAMOS et al, 2010;SPOLIDORIO et al, 2011;VIEIRA et al, 2011;COSTA-JÚNIOR et al, 2012;SILVA et al, 2012;DEMONER et al, 2013). Indeed, these results are directly related to the absence of infestations by R. sanguineus s.l.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Many recent studies have shown that canine babesiosis (caused by Babesia vogeli), hepatozoonosis (caused by Hepatozoon canis), monocytic ehrlichiosis (caused by Ehrlichia canis), and anaplasmosis (caused by Anaplasma platys) are endemic in many parts of the country (RAMOS et al, 2010;SPOLIDORIO et al, 2011;VIEIRA et al, 2011;COSTA-JÚNIOR et al, 2012;SILVA et al, 2012;DEMONER et al, 2013). While H. canis seems to be primarily associated with ticks of the genus Amblyomma in Brazil (FORLANO et al, 2007;DEMONER et al, 2013), the other agents mentioned above have been associated with Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks (DANTAS-TORRES, 2008;VIEIRA et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survey of canine tick-borne diseases in Lábrea, Brazilian Amazon: ‘accidental’ findings of Dirofilaria immitis infection

Soares

Camargo

Gennari

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Blood samples were collected from 99 domestic dogs from the urban and rural areas of the Lábrea municipality, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Canine serum samples were tested by immunofluorescence assay against Rickettsia spp., which revealed that only 3.0% (1/33) and 7.6% (5/66) of the dogs from urban and rural areas, respectively, reacted positively to at least one Rickettsia species. DNA was extracted from canine blood and tested by a battery of PCR assays targeting protozoa of the genera Babesia and Hepatozoon, and bacteria of the genera Rickettsia and Ehrlichia and family Anaplasmataceae. All samples were negative in the PCR assays targeting the genera Babesia, Hepatozoon, Ehrlichia and Rickettsia. For Anaplasmataceae, 3% (1/33) and 39.4% (26/66) of the urban and rural dogs, respectively, yielded amplicons that generated DNA sequences 100% identical to the corresponding sequence of Wolbachia endosymbiont of Dirofilaria immitis. Because of these results, all canine DNA samples were further tested in a PCR assay targeting filarial nematodes, which was positive for 18.2% (6/33) and 57.6% (38/66) urban and rural dogs, respectively. Filarial-PCR products generated DNA sequences 100% identical to D. immitis. While tick-borne infections were rare in Lábrea, D. immitis infection rates were among the highest reported in South America.Keywords: Dogs, ticks, Rickettsia, Wolbachia, Dirofilaria immitis, Amazon. ResumoAmostras de sangue foram coletadas de 99 cães domésticos de áreas urbana e rural do município de Lábrea, estado do Amazonas. Soros caninos foram testados pela técnica de imunofluorescência indireta contra Rickettsia spp., resultando em apenas 3,0% (1/33) e 7,6% (5/66) de cães soropositivos nas áreas urbana e rural, respectivamente. DNA foi extraído do sangue canino e testado por diferentes protocolos da PCR para detecção de protozoários dos gêneros Babesia e Hepatozoon, e bactérias dos gêneros Rickettsia e Ehrlichia e da família Anaplasmataceae. Todas as amostras foram negativas nos protocolos de PCR para os gêneros Babesia, Hepatozoon, Ehrlichia e Rickettsia. Para Anaplasmataceae, 3% (1/33) e 39,4% (26/66) dos cães de áreas urbana e rural, respectivamente, geraram sequências de DNA 100% idênticas ao endosimbionte Wolbachia de Dirofilaria immitis. Posteriormente, as amostras foram testadas pela PCR para nematódeos filarídeos, resultando em 18,2% (6/33) e 57,6% (38/66) de amostras positivas nas áreas urbana e rural, respectivamente. Os produtos geraram sequências de DNA 100% idênticas a D. immitis. Em contraste com várias outras regiões do Brasil, infecções transmitidas por carrapatos foram raras em Lábrea. Por outro lado, as frequências de infecção por D. immitis estiveram entre as mais altas relatadas na América do Sul.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of canine tick-borne diseases in Lábrea, Brazilian Amazon: ‘accidental’ findings of Dirofilaria immitis infection

Soares

Camargo

Gennari

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…In the past various studies have been carried out regarding the molecular prevalence of E. canis worldwide and the prevalence rate has been reported to range from 3.1% to 88.0% (Murphy et al 1998;Dagnone et al 2003;Bulla et al 2004;Macieira et al 2005;Diniz et al 2007;Carvalho et al 2008;Alexandre et al 2009;Dagnone et al 2009;Faria et al 2010;Silva et al 2012). As regards the Indian scenario, a small number of published reports are available: the prevalence of E. canis was reported to be 50% (49/98) in Chennai (Lakshmanan et al 2007) and 20.6% from four different regions of India (Abd Rani et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, correlation of various risk factors viz. age, sex, breed of host and season with the prevalence of the disease has been documented in past Lakshmanan et al 2006;Singh et al 2011;Silva et al 2012) but similar reports from this part of the country using molecular assays are lacking. Therefore, the current study was undertaken to investigate the PCR-based prevalence of infection and its correlation with various risk factors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Molecular prevalence and risk factors for the occurrence of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis

Milanjeet¹,

Singh²,

Singh³

et al. 2014

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Evaluation of blood samples collected from 214 dogs from Ludhiana, Punjab (India) was performed for the presence of Ehrlichia canis using PCR-based assays targeting a portion of the 16S rRNA gene. Of the total samples subjected to routine blood smear examination, the morulae of E. canis were detected in 2.34% samples. Nested PCR assay produced amplicons of expected size (389 bp) specific for E. canis in 41.59% (89/214) of samples. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the prevalence of E. canis was higher in the summer as compared to the winter season (P = 0.031) and in dogs younger than six-month-old as compared to older dogs (P < 0.001), while breed and sex of the host were not significantly associated with the occurrence of the disease.

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“…Anaplasma platys has been molecularly detected in dogs in the states of from Mato Grosso do Sul (DAGNONE et al, 2009), São Paulo (DAGNONE et al, 2009), Pernambuco (RAMOS et al, 2010 and Paraná (SILVA et al, 2012). The percentage of A. platys positive samples by PCR assay in our study (1.6%) was lower than that found by Dagnone et al (2009) (45%) in dogs of Campo Grande, MS, probably because all the dogs sampled in the earlier study showed clinical signs of tick-borne diseases and the presence of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in leucocytes and platelets.…”

Section: Igg Antibodies Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and serological detection of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from an area endemic for Leishmania infantumin Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Sousa

André

Herrera³

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Tick-borne pathogens affect a wide range of vertebrate hosts. To identify tick-borne pathogens among dogs from Campo Grande, MS, Brazil testing seropositive for Leishmania infantum (syn. L. chagasi), a serological and molecular study was conducted to detect Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys and Babesia vogeli in 60 serum and spleen samples. A confirmatory diagnosis of L. infantum based on serological and molecular assays was also performed, as was sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis to assess the identity of the parasite species infecting these animals. IgG antibodies to Ehrlichia spp., B. vogeli and L. infantum were found, respectively, in 39 (65%), 49 (81.6%) and 60 (100%) of the sampled dogs. Twenty-seven (45%), fifty-four (90%), fifty-three (88.3%), two (3.3%) and one (1.6%) dog were positive, respectively, for E. canis, Leishmania spp., Leishmania donovani complex, Babesia sp. and Anaplasma sp. in PCR assays. After sequencing, the amplicons showed 99% of identity with E. canis, B. vogeli, A. platys and Leishmania chagasi isolates. The findings of this study indicate that L. infantum-seropositive dogs from Campo Grande are exposed to multiple tick-borne pathogens, which should therefore be included in the differential diagnosis of dogs with clinical suspicion of leishmaniasis.Keywords: Ehrlichia canis, Babesia vogeli, Anaplasma platys, Leishmania infantum, dogs, co-infection. ResumoPatógenos transmitidos por carrapatos atingem uma variedade de hospedeiros vertebrados. Para identificar os agentes patogênicos transmitidos por carrapatos entre cães soropositivos para Leishmania infantum no município Campo Grande-MS, foi realizado um estudo sorológico e molecular para a detecção de Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys e Babesia vogeli em 60 amostras de soro e baço, respectivamente. Adicionalmente, foi realizado o diagnóstico confirmatório de L. infantum por meio de técnicas sorológicas e moleculares. Também foi realizado o alinhamento e análise filogenética das sequências para indicar a identidade das espécies de parasitas que infectam esses animais. Anticorpos IgG anti-Ehrlichia spp., anti-B. vogeli e anti-L. infantum foram detectados em 39 (65%), 49 (81,6%) e 60 (100%) dos cães amostrados, respectivamente. Vinte e sete (45%), cinquenta e quatro (90%), cinquenta e três (88,3%), dois (3,3%) e um (1,6%) cães mostraram-se positivos na PCR para E. canis, Leishmania spp., Leishmania donovani complex, Babesia sp. e Anaplasma sp., respectivamente. Após o seqüenciamento, os amplicons mostraram 99% de similaridade com isolados de E. canis, B. vogeli e A. platys e Leishmania chagasi. Os resultados deste estudo indicaram que os cães soropositivos para L. infantum de Campo Grande, MS, são expostos a vários agentes transmitidos por carrapatos, e, portanto, devem ser incluídos no diagnóstico diferencial em cães com suspeita clínica de leishmaniose.

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Occurrence of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in household dogs from northern Parana

Cited by 32 publications

References 46 publications

Survey of canine tick-borne diseases in Lábrea, Brazilian Amazon: ‘accidental’ findings of Dirofilaria immitis infection

Survey of canine tick-borne diseases in Lábrea, Brazilian Amazon: ‘accidental’ findings of Dirofilaria immitis infection

Molecular prevalence and risk factors for the occurrence of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis

Molecular and serological detection of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from an area endemic for Leishmania infantumin Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

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