Presence of domesticated cats and visual impairment associated to Toxoplasma gondii serum positive children at an elementary school in Jataizinho, state of Paraná, Brazil

Lopes, Fabiana Maria Ruiz; Gonçalves, Daniela Dib; Reis, Célia Rosimarie dos; Breganó, Regina Mitsuka; Freire, Roberta Lemos; Freitas, Júlio César de; Navarro, Italmar Teodorico

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612008000100003

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This seroprevalence was lower than previous prevalence values recorded in Brazil (32) (46.4%), São Tome and Principe (22) (63.1%), Somalia (24) (37.5%), and Madagascar (23) (36.3%), although it was higher than the prevalence values reported in Swaziland (12) (8%) and China (33) (15.13%). Variations in prevalence may also occur between regions of the same country, such as the prevalence values of 17.5% (34) and 46.4% (32) that have both been reported in Brazil. These differences could be attributable to variations in culture and tradition among different ethnicities as well as different food habits (22) (28) (35) .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Toxoplasma gondii infection: seroprevalence and associated risk factors among primary schoolchildren in Lagos City, Southern Nigeria

Gyang

Akinwale

Lee

et al. 2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:Toxoplasma gondii infection has been described as the most widespread zoonotic infection of humans and other animals. Information concerning T. gondii infection among schoolchildren is unavailable in Lagos City, Nigeria. Methods: This crosssectional study investigated the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with T. gondii infection among primary schoolchildren (PSC) from a community located in the center of Lagos, southern Nigeria, from November 2013 to March 2014. A total of 382 PSC were screened for the presence of sera anti-T. gondii antibodies using a latex agglutination test (TOXO Test-MT, Tokyo, Japan). A cutoff titer of ≥ 1:32 was considered positive, while titers ≥ 1:1,024 indicated high responders. Questionnaires were also used to obtain data on possible risk factors from parents/guardians. Results: The overall seroprevalence was 24% (91/382), and 83.5% (76/91) of seropositive PSC were classifi ed as high responders. Among the risk factors tested, including contact with cats and soil, consumption of raw meat and vegetables, and drinking unboiled water, none showed statistical signifi cance after multivariate adjustment. No associations were observed among age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and parents' occupation/educational level. Conclusions: The fi ndings in this study show evidence of active infection, and hence, there is need for urgent preventive measures in this city. Further investigation is required to clarify the transmission routes. Policy makers also need to initiate prevention and control programs to protect pregnant women and immunocompromised patients in particular because they are more severely affected by T. gondii infection.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Toxoplasma gondii infection: seroprevalence and associated risk factors among primary schoolchildren in Lagos City, Southern Nigeria

Gyang

Akinwale

Lee

et al. 2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…This seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was higher than the values reported among children of southern Brazil (7.4%), Swaziland (8%); while it was significantly lower than São Tome and Principe (63.1%), Madagascar (36.3%), and China (15.13%) (Fan, 2012;Xin et al, 2015;Lopes, 2008;Dromigny, 1996). This difference is most probably because of variations in sample size, experiments method, nutritional habit and climatic conditions.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 57%

Seroprevalence Of Toxoplasma Gondii Antibodies And Associated Risk Factors Among Children In Lorestan Provinces, Iran

Mahmoudvand¹,

Kheirandish²,

Faramarzi³

et al. 2017

European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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Children due to their high hand-mouth activity, lack of hygiene standards in the consumption of food, water, fruits and vegetables and their immature immune systems are the most susceptible peoples to parasitic infections among all age groups. This cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence of IgM and IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and the associated risk factors among the Children (5-15 yr Old) Referred to health centres of Lorestan province, Iran from August 2016 to March 2017 on 316 children. To determine the anti-T. gondii antibodies, all the serum samples were tested using the commercially available ELISA kit (Dia.Pro, Milano, Italy). Analyses were carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. Out of the 316 children, 31 (9.8%) tested seropositive for anti-T. gondii antibodies; 24 (7.6%) children tested seropositive for IgG antibody, 1 (0.3%) tested seropositive for both IgM and IgG, and 6 (1.9%) were positive for IgM antibody alone. The results showed that some risk factors were significantly correlated to T. gondii seropositivity included age (P= 0.005), living in rural areas (P=0.01) and consumption of undercooked or cured meat products (P<0.001). The findings of our study demonstrated a considerable seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in children in Lorestan province, Iran. Thus, proper strategies must be carried out to prevent and control T. gondii infection in children in this region.

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“…A quarterly serological monitoring in seronegative pregnant women can ensures the diagnosis and provide the early treatment of this infection (1) . The results of this study added to others (12,13) indicated that control measures to toxoplasmosis in humans from this small municipality in Paraná must focus on sanitary education for all population, whether urban or rural areas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The very similar serologic results detected between rural and urban populations from this study possibly occurred due to their similar cultural and food customs. Other studies on pregnant women (12) and slaughterhouse workers (13) in this city showed the seroprevalence to toxoplasmosis had been affected by educational level, but not among those residences in rural or urban areas. The overall seroprevalence detected (70.00%) suggests a large distribution of infection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasmosis in Humans and Dogs From a Small Municipality in Parana, Brazil

et al. 2017

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Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis with important public health implications. The aims of this study were to determine and identify factors associated to the seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in humans and dogs from Jataizinho, Parana State, Brazil. Serum samples from 280 humans and 766 dogs, from rural and urban areas, were tested by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. Positive dilutions were ≥ 1:16. Epidemiological informations were obtained through an individual questionnaire and data tabulation was performed using EpiInfo 3.5.3 (CDC, Atlanta). Statistical significance was evaluated by chi-square (ᵪ 2 ) or Fisher's exact tests with a 5.0 % significance level. The seroprevalence in humans was 70.00% (196/280), as follows: 69.08% (143/207) in rural and 72.60% (53/73) in a slum urban community. The seroprevalence in dogs was 52.35% (401/766), as follows: 71.74% (99/138) in rural and 48.08% (302/628) in urban area. In rural areas, there was no factor associated to risk of infection. In urban slum community, visualizing more than four rats at home was a factor statistically associated to seropositivity for human toxoplamosis. Infection of urban dogs was associated to age, contact with stray dogs or rodents, and free access to street. The results indicated a similar possibility of contact with Toxoplasma gondii between dogs and humans living in rural or slum urban areas of small municipalities.Keywords: IFAT; prevalence; Toxoplasma gondii; zoonosis. ResumoA toxoplasmose é uma doença de distribuição mundial com importantes implicações em saúde 2 Cienc. anim. bras., Goiânia, v.18, 1-9, e-42102, 2017Seroepidemiology of toxoplasmosis in humans and dogs… pública. Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar e identificar fatores associados à soroprevalência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii em humanos e cães de Jataizinho, Paraná, Brasil. Amostras de soro de 280 humanos e 766 cães, de áreas rural e urbana, foram testadas pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI). Foram consideradas positivas diluições ≥1:16. Informações epidemiológicas foram obtidas por meio de questionário individual e a tabulação dos dados foi realizada com EpiInfo 3.5.3 (CDC, Atlanta). A significância estatística foi avaliada por Chi-quadrado (ᵪ 2 ) ou Exato de Fisher com nível de significância de 5,0 %. A soroprevalência em humanos foi como segue: 70,00% (196/280), 69,08% (143/207) em área rural e 72,60% (53/73) em uma comunidade urbana carente. Em cães, foi 52,35% (401/766), na área rural 71,74% (99/138) e na área urbana 48,08% (302/628). Nas áreas rurais não houve fator estatisticamente associado ao risco de toxoplasmose. Na área urbana, visualizar mais do que quatro ratos em casa foi fator associado à soropositividade para toxoplasmose em humanos. A soropositividade em cães urbanos apresentou associação à idade, ao contato com cães errantes ou roedores e com acesso livre à rua. Os resultados indicaram semelhante possibilidade de contato com Toxoplasma gondii entre cães e humanos residentes em áreas rura...

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Presence of domesticated cats and visual impairment associated to Toxoplasma gondii serum positive children at an elementary school in Jataizinho, state of Paraná, Brazil

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Toxoplasma gondii infection: seroprevalence and associated risk factors among primary schoolchildren in Lagos City, Southern Nigeria

Toxoplasma gondii infection: seroprevalence and associated risk factors among primary schoolchildren in Lagos City, Southern Nigeria

Seroprevalence Of Toxoplasma Gondii Antibodies And Associated Risk Factors Among Children In Lorestan Provinces, Iran

Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasmosis in Humans and Dogs From a Small Municipality in Parana, Brazil

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