Aceitação da pessoa com transtorno mental na perspectiva dos familiares

Abstract

The aim of this descriptive and qualitative study is to analyse how acceptance of mental illness is perceived by family members of the patient and the surrounding community. This study was conducted with the help of 10 families of patients with mental disorders admitted to the psychiatric emergency unit of the Municipal Hospital of Maringá, state of Parana, Brazil. Data were collected from October to December 2010, in open interviews and submitted to thematic content analysis, resulting in three categories: "Care, a constant requirement", "Living with a patient with mental illness: a whirlwind of emotions", "A wall constructed with stigma and prejudgement: the need for deconstruction". The conclusion is that an understanding of the disease is vital for acceptance of the illness itself and of the patient, and that healthcare professionals must remain close to the family to provide support, answer queries related to the disease, and help the family to face the difficulties of everyday life.

<b>Sentimentos de familiares de pacientes internados na emergência psiquiátrica: um olhar sobre a família/ Feelings of relatives of patients hospitalized in the psychiatric emergency care unit: a look on the family

“…Para tanto, é preciso que o familiar compreenda sobre a doença do seu ente, para que possa aceitá-la e aceitar o doente, diminuindo, assim, a sua sobrecarga. Desta forma, os profissionais atuantes na área se tornam importantes neste aspecto, pois são vistos como facilitadores do processo de aceitação (11) . Em alguns momentos, o familiar cuidador da PTM vê o SEP como a última alternativa, mas não relacionando isto a algo exatamente ruim, pois sabe que sua contribuição no cuidado faz diferença na condução da doença da PTM, porém, em momentos de agudização dos sintomas, se percebe impotente diante da situação, com isso, passa a enxergar o SEP como uma alternativa (ajuda) para atuar diante a situação.…”

“…Dentro deste cenário, o apoio psicológico também se caracteriza como importante ferramenta no auxílio à família a adaptar-se com o diagnóstico de transtorno mental, afetando de forma benéfica a condição de vida da unidade familiar (11) . A impotência, permeada por sensação de derrota perante à agudização do transtorno mental também foi evidenciada como sentimento presente nas famílias participantes do estudo, o que por sua vez pode acarretar o desenvolvimento de sentimento de frustração no cuidador da PTM, por se sentir incapacitado de cuidar adequadamente do outro.…”

Difficulties of familes in caring for children and adolescents with mental disorders: an integrative review

“…Given this situation, families commonly experience feelings of shame and embarrassment as a result of mentally ill people's behavior in public; guilt about the emergence of the disease; and fear of aggressive attitudes (5) , in addition to feelings of powerlessness, fragility and frustration regarding expectations of mentally ill relatives (27) . In the selected studies, feelings of powerlessness were remust review its structure and functioning mode, learn to deal with the child's new needs, review the responsibilities for the new tasks, and make decisions on who will be in charge of care (22) ; in brief, they need to drastically change their routine.…”

“…Feelings of guilt regarding the emergence of the disease is one of the most visible features in the lives of these families, which bring up countless questions regarding mistakes made in the upbringing of the children, resulting in permanent internal conflict in the attempt to understand the problems (5) . Feelings of guilt were present in two articles, and they were associated with concern of parents about inability to care for the children or the perception that they had contributed to the development of the disease.…”

“…Care becomes a daily need and coexistence can give rise to feelings such as shame and embarrassment about the person's behavior in public, as well as guilt about the appearance of the disease and fear of situations that are more difficult to control, which hinder the relationship between the family and the mentally ill person (5) .…”