Principais causas de hospitalização de pacientes em hemodiálise no município de Guarapuava, Paraná, Brasil

Abstract

Quantitative study that aims to characterize patients on hemodialysis according to socio-demographic and identify the main causes of hospitalization in 2007. Data collection was performed in a clinic Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil, with 29 patients,through medical records and the computerized program Nefrodata, specific to dialysis centers. The medical records were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics, where 58.7% were male, 62% married and the average age was 53.7 years. As to the underlying diseases, there was a predominance of diabetic nephropathy with 31.1% and 11.8% with hypertensive crisis among the causes of hospitalization. These causes are mostly related to renal disease itself and necessary guidelines and multidisciplinary team interventions focused on treatment of chronic renal insufficiency and adherence to therapy, aiming to reduce and even prevent these hospitalizations.

Prevalence of nursing diagnosis of fluid volume excess in patients undergoing hemodialysis

“…Among the treatment options, HD is the most commonly performed (5) . Although this is quite efficient, it does not completely replace kidney function.…”

“…The latter is the main risk factor for developing coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and pulmonary congestion (2,(4)(5)11) .…”

Perfil dos pacientes e carga de trabalho de enfermagem na unidade de nefrologia

“…A study conducted with chronic renal patients undergoing dialysis showed that the main causes of hospital admissions were related to hypertensive crises, fever of unknown origin, gastrointestinal bleeding and congestive heart failure. In most of these patients, diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive crisis were the main motives for hospital admission (6) . Dialysis access, cardiovascular events and infections are among the main causes of hospitalization of patients undergoing haemodialysis (5) .…”

“…The nursing team that works in the nephrology unit is responsible for all the technical requirements and patient relationship with the environment. Monitoring, detection and intervention of nursing in relation to the disease are essential to minimize and prevent worsening of clinical conditions and improve the quality of life of these patients (6) . In light of patient care requirements, nursing assistance provided by an adequate number of qualified staff must be ensured, and the manager can use tools for this purpose considering that equilibrium of nursing staff directly reflects on the quality of nursing care (9) .…”

Hipertensão Arterial Em Pacientes Em Tratamento Hemodialítico E Fatores Associados

“…A variável dependente analisada foi a presença de HAS, definida pela Sociedade Brasileira de Hipertensão pela VI Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial como uma condição clínica multifatorial, caracterizada por níveis elevados e sustentados de pressão arterial, apresentando pressão sistólica maior ou igual 140 mmHg e a pressão diastólica maior ou igual a 90 mmHg (13) . As variáveis independentes analisadas foram: características sociais: sexo, idade escolaridade e etnia; indicadores de condição de saúde: história de diabetes, dislipidemias e presença de picos hiper/hipotensivos; indicadores comportamentais/ hábitos de vida: consumo tabaco e álcool e realização de atividade física; indicadores do tratamento hemodialítico: conhecimento da medicação que faz uso e do horário da medicação, realização do controle da quantidade de líquido ingerido diariamente, tempo em que realiza hemodiálise (anos), frequência de sessões por semana (2, 3 ou 4 vezes), tipo de acesso vascular (fístula arteriovenosa-FAV, cateter de duplo-lúmen-CDL e Permcath), tempo de tratamento em anos (menor que 1, de 1 a 5, 6 a 10 e 10 anos e mais), crise hipertensiva durante o tratamento na máquina e durante o período interdialítico, peso seco (habitual) e ganho de peso no período interdialítico.…”