Produção de enzimas extracelulares por Fusarium solani de maracujazeiro amarelo

Abstract

RESUMOUma das principais doenças do maracujazeiro, na maioria dos estados produtores do Brasil, é a podridão do colo, causada por Fusarium solani. Pouco se sabe a respeito da fisiologia deste patógeno do maracujazeiro amarelo, principalmente quanto à produção de enzimas extracelulares. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar, em meios de cultura individuais e apropriados, a produção das enzimas extracelulares amilase, lipase, celulase, proteases (caseinase e gelatinase), lacase (oxidase) e catalase por isolados de F. solani, provenientes de maracujazeiro amarelo. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema de dois fatores (nove isolados versus sete enzimas), com três repetições. Todos os isolados de F. solani produziram, de maneira semiquantitativa, as enzimas extracelulares amilase, lipase, celulase, caseinase (protease) e lacase (oxidase). No entanto, a quantidade produzida de cada enzima foi significativamente diferente entre os isolados. As enzimas extracelulares gelatinase (protease) e catalase foram produzidas em pouca quantidade e de maneira igual por todos os isolados do fungo. Palavras-chave: Passiflora sp., atividade enzimática, fungos de solo, patógeno de planta. ABSTRACT Production of extracellular enzymes by Fusarium solani from yellow passion fruitIn most Brazilian producer states, one of the main diseases of the passion fruit is collar rot caused by Fusarium solani. Little is known about the physiology of this pathogen from yellow passion fruit, which mainly involves the production of extracellular enzymes. The objective of this work was to verify, in individual and appropriate culture media, the production of the extracellular enzymes amylase, lipase, cellulase, proteases (caseinase and gelatinase), lacase (oxydase) and catalase by isolates of F. solani from yellow passion fruit. The experimental design adopted was an entirely randomized two-factor scheme (nine isolates and seven enzymes) with three repetitions. All the isolates of F. solani produced, in a semi-quantitative manner, the extracellular enzymes amylase, lipase, cellulase, caseinase (protease) and lacase. However, the amount of each enzyme produced was significantly different among the isolates. The extracellular enzymes gelatinase (protease) and catalase were produced in a small amount and in an equal manner by all the isolates of the fungus. Keywords: Passiflora sp., enzymatic activity, soil-borne plant pathogens.Uma das principais doenças do maracujazeiro amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa), na maioria dos estados produtores do Brasil, é a podridão do colo, causada por Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. Essa doença causa significativo decréscimo na produtividade e constantes migrações da cultura para regiões livres do patógeno. Os sintomas consistem em uma leve murcha dos ponteiros, acompanhada de alteração na coloração das folhas para um verde-pálido, ocorrendo, posteriormente, murcha drástica, desfolha e morte das plantas, devido ao completo anelamento necrótico do colo da planta. Sob con...

Production of Cellulases by the Endophytic Fungus Fusarium oxysporum

“…Shihata, Abdou and Galal [16] assessed the production of cellu lase enzyme, and reported that F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum and F. solani, isolated from pea, are producers of pectinase and cellulase enzy mes both in vitro and in vivo. In the study by Bueno et al [17], it was observed that the isolates of F. solani of the passion fru it plant, produce a greater variety of extracellular enzy mes, including amylases, lipases, cellu lases, proteases, laccases and catalases and that the amounts of enzymes produced were different in each of the isolates.…”

Culture media to detect and criteria to evaluate and report the activity of extracellular enzymes produced by phytopathogenic fungi

“…The phytopathogens did not produce amylase. Evaluating the enzyme production by F. solani isolates from passion fruit, BUENO et al (2009) detected the production of lipase, cellulase, catalase, and gelatinase. The amount of the first two enzymes produced by the fungi varied.…”

Multifaceted intervention of Bacillus spp. against salinity stress and Fusarium wilt in tomato

“…Phosphate solubilization by Bacillus strains was determined according to Nautiyal (1999). Cellulase and catalase activities were detected according to Samanta et al (1989) and Bueno et al (2009). The test to evaluate nitrogen fixation was performed by the method proposed by D€ obereiner et al (1995).…”