In vitro study on radiographic gray levels of biomaterials using two digital image methods

Nóbrega, Newton Fernando Sobreira; Puchnick, Andrea; Cerqueira, Leandro Kfouri Martins; Costa, Cláudio; Ajzen, Sérgio Aron

doi:10.1590/s1980-65232012000300008

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Digital images were acquired using portable X-ray equipment (NOMAD ® Aribex, Orem, Utah, USA) operating at 2.3 mA and 60 kV, and the CR data were collected using DIGORA™ Optime UV ® (Soredex, Milwaukee, Wisconsin) (Nóbrega et al, 2012). illuminance of 8.11 lx, using a 3 MP HR monitor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality assessment of digital images produced using handheld X-ray equipment

Nóbrega

Daros

Policarpo

et al. 2022

RSD

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This study aimed at the assessment and monitoring of digital image quality parameters resulting from the use of portable X-ray equipment in clinical examinations. A multicentric study was conducted for quality assessment of images produced using the portable NOMAD® with the DIGORA® ™ Optime UV computed radiography (CR) system. The digital image quality was evaluated in terms of high- and low-contrast spatial resolution, contrast noise ratio (CNR), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The samples comprised six biomaterials: zirconia (Zr), lyophilized bone (LB), photopolymerizable restorative resin (PRR), glass ionomer cement (GIC), GIC photopolymerizable (GICP), and double adhesive resin cement (DARC). The DICOM image (processed pixels) and raw data (without processing) were quantitatively analyzed. The qualitative visual analysis was performed in an adequately illuminated environment and then repeated in an environment equivalent to that of a clinical practice using conventional monitoring equipment. The relative biomaterial contrast was normalized by the high-contrast result of Zr. The Zr image demonstrated no noise because the standard deviation of the digital image biomaterial pixel mean was zero. In contrast, the relative SNR of the biomaterials was normalized by the DARC result. The relative CNR values according to different aluminum thicknesses were 0.11 for LB and 0.3–0.35 for PRR, GIC, and GICP. The spatial resolution was identical for both high-resolution and conventional monitors; however, for a 0.2-s clinical exposure, the resolution produced by the high-quality monitor increased. The quality control tests indicated the compatibility of the CR system-assisted portable X-ray equipment, verifying the status and image quality.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality assessment of digital images produced using handheld X-ray equipment

Nóbrega

Daros

Policarpo

et al. 2022

RSD

Self Cite

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“…A radiologically detectable material in the body must have sufficient radiopacity to be differentiated from the anatomical structures surrounding it. In digital and film radiography, radiopacity is measured in terms of the grayscale value, which is calculated from its digital image [ 34 ]. Each digital image consists of many pixels—the countable digital units in an image.…”

Section: Principle and Physics Of Radiopacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiopaque Crystalline, Non-Crystalline and Nanostructured Bioceramics

et al. 2022

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Radiopacity is sometimes an essential characteristic of biomaterials that can help clinicians perform follow-ups during pre- and post-interventional radiological imaging. Due to their chemical composition and structure, most bioceramics are inherently radiopaque but can still be doped/mixed with radiopacifiers to increase their visualization during or after medical procedures. The radiopacifiers are frequently heavy elements of the periodic table, such as Bi, Zr, Sr, Ba, Ta, Zn, Y, etc., or their relevant compounds that can confer enhanced radiopacity. Radiopaque bioceramics are also intriguing additives for biopolymers and hybrids, which are extensively researched and developed nowadays for various biomedical setups. The present work aims to provide an overview of radiopaque bioceramics, specifically crystalline, non-crystalline (glassy), and nanostructured bioceramics designed for applications in orthopedics, dentistry, and cancer therapy. Furthermore, the modification of the chemical, physical, and biological properties of parent ceramics/biopolymers due to the addition of radiopacifiers is critically discussed. We also point out future research lacunas in this exciting field that bioceramists can explore further.

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