Atitude dos enfermeiros de um hospital público de ensino quanto ao processo de enfermagem

Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo Mensurar as atitudes dos enfermeiros sobre o processo de enfermagem em hospital público de ensino. Método Estudo transversal e analítico, junto a enfermeiros de um hospital terciário. Foi aplicado um instrumento para a caracterização da amostra e o instrumento Posições sobre o Processo de Enfermagem, que mensura a atitude do enfermeiro em relação ao processo de enfermagem. São 20 itens a serem considerados, o valor mínimo possível é de 20, e o máximo, de 140. Os dados foram submetidos à estatística descritiva, e as variáveis de interesse, analisadas pelos testes Mann-Whitney, t de Student, Qui-quadrado, Kruskal-Wallis, coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e modelos de regressão múltipla hierárquicos, conforme apropriado. Resultados Em uma amostra de 226 enfermeiros, 80,5% (182) afirmaram realizar o processo de enfermagem diariamente. O escore médio do instrumento foi de 102,50 (DP=21,76). O item “rotineiro/criativo” apresentou escore mais baixo (3,54), enquanto “sem importância/importante” apresentou escore mais alto (5,81). Conclusão Os enfermeiros referiram ser favoráveis e apresentaram atitudes positivas quanto ao processo de enfermagem, além de considerarem-no importante, porém rotineiro, além de que afirmaram pouco ou nenhum contato com pesquisas, aulas e eventos sobre a temática.

Perceptions of nurses about the implementation of the nursing process in an intensive unit

“…In the nurses' perception, the implantation of NP in the ICU is a facilitator of care practices and improves the quality of care. This finding could be verified in other studies which show a significant improvement in the nursing care provided to the patient through the NP, further favoring the valorization and strengthening of the profession as a science (1,5,10,(12)(13)15,20) . This is due to the activities planning and organizational structure resulting from the use of NP in the daily work, since, NP demands the establishment of a theoretical-philosophical basis and the use of technical-scientific knowledges to perform nursing care, with an ethical commitment to care for others (1,20) .…”

“…The NP is based on technical-scientific knowledge and for its implementation it is necessary that nurses have knowledge about the NP steps and, in addition, know how to apply it in practice. Theoretical knowledge about NP is essential for its implementation, since the knowledge fragility and concept recognition, steps and applicability are limitations for its acceptance with the team (4,7,13) .…”

“…The literature shows that the hospital environment was the place with the most difficulty in implementing NP, due to the vertical integration between the service and the academy, together with the absence of a permanent education program that provides constant training and updates on the theme (1,7,10,(12)(13) .…”

“…In this discourse, it was evidenced that knowledge gaps are an obstacle to the implementation of NP. In addition, it can be inferred that the absence of a permanent health education program for NP limits the performance of nurses during their clinical practice (7,(12)(13)15) .…”

“…Another potentiality identified in the implementation of the NP was the provision of nursing care with agility and ease in the actions developed (1,5) . Action planning avoids rework, as it directs the professionals' conduct through clinical evaluation and planning, resulting in targeted and better quality decision making, and which allows for daily re-planning through daily reevaluation or whenever necessary, both in terms of human care and the physical and material resources inserted in the process (1,5,13,20) .…”