Os paradigmas da imprensa na cobertura das políticas ambientais

Abstract

Este artigo apresenta os principais resultados da pesquisa "Os paradigmas da imprensa na cobertura das políticas ambientais", que teve como objetivo central delinear as características das notícias sobre os temas diretamente relacionados com a política ambiental do Brasil. O trabalho teve como suporte teórico o resgate histórico dos paradigmas científicos e ambientais, que foi, posteriormente, complementado pela sistemática Análise de Conteúdo, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, das publicações veiculadas no jornal O Estado de S. Paulo durante o ano de 2007. Pela avaliação, a cobertura ambiental é intensa e constante, mas reproduz paradigmas antropocêntricos, positivistas, não compreende a totalidade do meio ambiente, além de reiterar uma visão economicista e de natureza utilitária.

Social Representations of the Environment in Press Media

“…However, the issue of the environment has been increasingly present in the media discourse (Abreu & Félix, 2008;Bertoldo & Bousfield, 2011;Miguel, 2012), and the large volume of information on the environment and environmental aspects which affect the population, thanks to the wide coverage of means of mass communication, have become an important part in the formation of the social representations.…”

“…The emphasis which environmental themes receive through their broad dissemination in the means of mass communication have also been the study object of various fields of knowledge concerned with the impact of the dissemination of environmental themes on the population in general (Abreu & Félix, 2008;Machado, 2008;Miguel, 2012).…”

Information About the Water Crisis in São Paulo Offered by the Watershed Committees

“…In this sense, it is relevant to consider the conclusions reached by some studies on the rationale of mass media in their coverage of environmental topics: issues related to the need for citizens to take a stand are practically ignored; the possibilities of impact and the expectation of selling news with the publication of dramatic facts have determined the choice of agenda, rather than news-worthy criteria related to relevance, proximity, and human interest (MAZZARINO e FLORES, 2013a; MIGUEL, 2012); the recipient is placed as a spectator and not as an actor in face of the broadcasted occurrences (MAZZARINO e FLORES, 2013b); it lacks a systemic and contextualized approach, focusing on a major conflict instead of an analytical, plural, non-binary approach (COSTA, 2009;MAZZARINO, 2015;MIGUEL, 2012); official and specialized sources are privileged, as are those that represent international non--governmental organizations, and many times there is only one version reported by the sources, as well as lack of space for common citizens who do not have scientific knowledge. (MIGUEL, 2012;LOOSE & PERUZZOLO, 2008;COSTA, 2009). Specifically regarding how the water crisis in São Paulo was framed in mass media, Martirani & Peres (2016) identified that it favored a process of perception that the responsibility for the crisis lay on climatic events, exempting social actors.…”

Climate Change Between Utopia and Dystopia: An Analysis of the Representation of the Phenomenon in French and Brazilian Newspapers

“…C'est toutefois dans la première décennie des années 2000 que le changement climatique s'installe de manière durable dans le discours de la presse brésilienne. L'année 2007 revêt plus d'importance, selon Miguel (2012), car dans cette période la couverture du sujet a connu un pic, avec la publication des rapports sur le changement climatique, qui a gé-néré des discussions sur la nécessité de développer des carburants alternatifs aux fossiles, provocant le débat sur les biocarburants et l'éthanol.…”