Lesões e desvios posturais na prática de futebol em jogadores jovens

Abstract

ACEITO PARA PUBLICAÇÃO maio 2010RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a incidência de lesões, os principais desvios posturais e a possível associação entre lesões e desvios posturais em jogadores de futebol. Foram avaliados 21 voluntários do sexo masculino tendo entre 17 e 19 anos, jogadores de futebol de uma equipe profissional, que foram divididos em dois grupos: G1 formado por 15 jogadores que sofreram lesões relacionadas à prática de futebol; e G2 composto por 6 atletas que não tiveram lesões. Foram coletados dados sobre características antropométricas, posição de jogo, tempo de prática de futebol, freqüência de prática e histórico de lesões relacionadas à prática de futebol. O alinhamento postural foi verificado utilizando um protocolo específico para detectar alterações. Os resultados mostram alterações no alinhamento corporal em ambos os grupos. Os maiores desvios posturais encontrados foram assimetria das escápulas, no alinhamento horizontal da cabeça e no da pelve, em ambos os grupos. Considerando as lesões no G1, a mais comum foi no tornozelo (35%) e a segunda mais freqüente, no joelho (23%). Embora não tenha sido encontrada associação entre desvios posturais e ocorrência de lesões, a incidência de ambos é importante, sugerindo a necessidade de intervenções de prevenção na formação de jogadores de futebol. DESCRITORES: Atletas; Futebol/lesões; Postura ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of injuries, deviations in postural alignment, and possible associations between injuries and postural deviations in soccer players. Twenty-one male professional soccer players, aged 17 to 19 years old, were assessed as to anthropometric features, playing position, length and frequency of soccer practice, and history of injuries linked to soccer practicing. Athletes were divided into two groups: G1 made up by 15 players who had suffered soccer-related injuries; and G2 composed by 6 players with no such injuries. Postural alignment was assessed using a specific protocol. Both groups showed changes in body alignment; the greatest postural deviations found in both groups were scapulae asymmetry, head horizontal deviation and pelvis deviation. As to G1 injuries, the most common were in ankles (35%) and knees (23%). Though no association could be found between postural deviations and injuries, high incidence of both was found, thus suggesting the need to prevention programs in soccer players training.

Análise da flexibilidade segmentar e prevalência de lesões no futebol segundo faixa etária

“…The prevalence of retraction was progressively increased with age and with training history, culminating in rates of 96.6 to 100% in adult athletes presenting muscle shortening. Due to the higher demand of contractions to the hip flexor muscles in specific soccer movements, the retraction of this group is a common finding among soccer players 10,11 and can cause lumber hyperlordosis, pelvic anteversion, and posterior thigh muscle tensioning 20 .…”

“…Flexibility, in particular, is also influenced by age, and decreases as the years go by 10 . The installation of muscle retractions have presented relations with bad posture, contributing with SI in young 3,11 and adult players 8,12 .…”

Prevalence of sport injuries during the 53th Regional Games in Franca (SP), Brazil

“…The authors explained this result by associating this injury with the higher incidence of postural deviations of the knee and pelvis in these athletes 17 . Another study reported a lower flexibility of the posterior muscles of the lower limbs in soccer players, suggesting that the modality of soccer may be associated with chronic stiffness of the posterior muscles, which may predispose them to injury 18 .…”

Lesions of the Lumbar Region in Asymptomatic Young Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…It can lead to an imbalance between the agonist and antagonist musculatures and favors the installation of postural alterations. These alterations are common in soccer players [27][28][29]. Repetitive loads as well as repeated bending and extensions are implicated in most sports with higher rates of spondylolysis.…”