The characteristics of stress cardiomyopathy in an ethnically heterogeneous population

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:Stress cardiomyopathy is a cardiac syndrome that is characterized by transient left ventricular systolic dysfunction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Its epidemiology has been described in homogeneous Asian, Caucasian and Black populations, but its characteristics in heterogeneous populations are poorly understood. Our aim was to assess the characteristics of stress cardiomyopathy in a heterogeneous population that included a large percentage of Hispanics.METHODS:We reviewed 59 consecutive cases of stress cardiomyopathy that were confirmed by coronary angiography and were in agreement with the Mayo Clinic diagnostic criteria.RESULTS:The mean age of the patients was 74 years (range, 39-91 years), and 37 patients were female (62.7%). Twenty-nine patients (49.2%) were Latino/Hispanic, 26 (44%) were Caucasian, 3 (5%) were Asian, and 1 patient (1.7%) was Black. The most common chief symptom was dyspnea, followed by chest pain and an absence of symptoms in 54.2, 28.8, and 18.6% of the patients, respectively. The primary EKG abnormalities consisted of a T wave inversion, an ST segment elevation, and ST segment depression in 69.5%, 25.4%, and 15.3% of the patients, respectively. The stressor event was identified in 90% of the cases. In 32 cases (54%), the stressor event was physical stress or a medical illness, and in 21 cases (35.6%), the stressor event was emotional stress. The in-hospital mortality rate was 8.5%.CONCLUSIONS:In our heterogeneous study population, stress cardiomyopathy presented with a 3:2 female-to-male ratio, and dyspnea was the most common chief complaint. Stress cardiomyopathy exhibited a T wave inversion as the primary EKG abnormality. These findings differ from previous cases that have been reported, and further studies are needed.

Clinical characteristics of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in North America

“…[11] Eleven case series met our inclusion criteria and were included for data analysis. [12–22] Figure 1 outlines our search methodology and selection process.…”

“…[13141719] All studies were done in United State with the majority of patient being Caucasian except a study conducted in Florida that had Hispanic patient as the majority. [12]…”

“…Chest pain and shortness of breath are the most common presenting symptoms though a small number of cases with initial presentations of syncope, cardiac arrest, or diaphoresis were reported in some series. [12–1417] Preceding stress, either physical or emotional, were identified in most of the patient (45% and 41%, respectively).…”

Stress cardiomyopathy in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and myocardial bridging

“…Stress cardiomyopathy is an acquired cardiomyopathy of unknown aetiology, but it most likely reflects the cardiac response to a surge of catecholamines 1. It affects ∼1–2% of all patients presenting with an initial diagnosis of an acute coronary syndrome or myocardial infarction.…”

Recurrencia de síndrome de Tako-Tsubo: un caso peruano

“…Este síndrome afecta generalmente a mujeres de 50 a 80 años, con pocos factores de riesgo cardiovascular, y habitualmente está desencadenada por estrés emocional y/o físico debido al aumento de catecolaminas 2,3 . La CT tiene una presentación clínica similar al síndrome de infarto agudo del miocardio (SICA), por lo tanto, su diagnóstico es de suma importancia ya que representa el 1,7% al 2,2% de todos los casos diagnosticados como SICA 1,4 .…”