Influência do nível competitivo e da posição tática sobre parâmetros de desempenho aeróbio de atletas profissionais de futebol do Brasil

Abstract

Infl uência do nível competitivo e da posição tática IntroduçãoInfl uência do nível competitivo e da posição tática sobre parâmetros de desempenho aeróbio de atletas profi ssionais de futebol do Brasil Resumo Este estudo objetivou verifi car a infl uência do nível competitivo e da posição tática sobre parâmetros relacionados ao desempenho aeróbio de atletas profi ssionais de futebol. Foram analisadas 453 avaliações ergoespirométricas de atletas profi ssionais de futebol (42 goleiros, 92 zagueiros, 61 laterais, 174 meiocampistas e 84 atacantes) que atuavam em quatro níveis competitivos: Campeonato Nacional Série A; Série B; Série C; e Campeonato Estadual. Não foram encontradas diferenças nos valores médios de consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO 2max ) e segundo limiar ventilatório (LV 2 ) entre os níveis competitivos (p > 0,05). Os goleiros apresentaram VO 2max e LV 2 (56 e 50 mL/kg/min, respectivamente) signifi cativamente inferiores aos zagueiros (59 e 52 mL/kg.min; p = 0,002 e p = 0,028), laterais (60 e 53 mL/kg.min; p < 0,001 e p = 0,004), meio-campistas (59 e 52 mL/kg.min; p = 0,002 e p = 0,031) e atacantes (59 e 52 mL/kg.min; p = 0,047 e p = 0,036). Portanto, os achados sugerem que: 1) o desempenho aeróbio não difere em função do o nível competitivo; e 2) os goleiros apresentam desempenho aeróbio inferior aos atletas de linha, os quais não apresentam diferenças entre si.

Comparison of Aerobic Performance Indicators of Soccer and Futsal Athletes

“…VT 1 refers to the beginning of lactate accumulation during physical effort. 18 In our study, futsal players reached VT 1 at lower percentages of VO 2 max, and it occurred earlier and at lower speeds than in soccer players, suggesting earlier lactate production in futsal players. This may result from greater participation of anaerobic glycolytic metabolism in futsal players, while aerobic metabolism is still their main source of energy.…”

“…VT 2 represents the respiratory compensation point. 18 We found no differences in %VO 2 maxVT 2 between soccer and futsal players. This is in agreement with the results of Baroni et al, 8 who observed %VO 2 maxVT 2 at similar intensities (soccer = 87.89%; futsal = 88.29%).…”

“…22,29 Participants in our study were not stratified by position, which could have minimized intragroup variation as there are different mechanical and physiological demands for each position. 8,18,30 However, the number of players evaluated did not allow for such stratification. To control these limitations, pre-training and post-training evaluations could be performed, and training routines and game calendars could be monitored.…”

“…To control these limitations, pre-training and post-training evaluations could be performed, and training routines and game calendars could be monitored. 18 This would allow us to identify adaptations to physiological parameters caused by training. 31 As well, the inclusion of other physiological markers such as blood lactate, 4,15,32 heart rate, 2,5 and subjective perception of effort, 31,33 could provide additional information about the demands of soccer and futsal and the physiological profiles of players.…”

“…10 The percentage of VO 2 max during VT 1 (%VO 2 maxVT 1 ) is rarely reported in the literature 16,17 even though it is an indicator of aerobic metabolism 16 that marks the beginning of lactate accumulation. 18 Running speed during each VT is also a parameter of exercise intensity 9,18 , and when running speed is associated with VO 2 max and VT it can provide more information than isolated cardiorespiratory variables. 11,15,19 Studies evaluating running speed during VT 1 (speedVT 1 ), 9 and VT 2 (speedVT 2 ) 5,8,9 have found contradictory results, where: speedVT 1 was superior in futsal players; 9 speedVT 2 was superior in soccer players, and; 8 speedVT 2 was similar in soccer and futsal players.…”