One-bottle adhesives: in vitro analysis of solvent volatilization and sealing ability

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to compare the solvent volatilization rate and evaluate the sealing ability of different one-bottle adhesives that were in constant clinical use -an ethanol/water-based adhesive (Single Bond, 3M/ESPE -SB) and an acetone-based adhesive (Prime & Bond 2.1, Dentsply/Caulk -PB). Nine bottles of each agent were collected from the clinics of a dental school, and new ones were used as controls. The weight of all bottles and of empty bottles was determined using an analytical balance. A drop of each solution was dispensed onto the balance, taking its initial weight (IW) and, after 10 min, its final weight (FW). The IW/FW ratio was used to determine the solvent's volatilization rate. The bottles with the highest evaporation levels (SB Control and PB Control) and with the lowest evaporation levels (SB Test and PB Test) of each agent were applied in Class V restorations with margins in dentin. Specimens were thermocycled and immersed in a 0.5% basic fuchsin solution. Dye penetration was evaluated under magnification and the data were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis test. Solvent volatilization was faster for the acetone-based adhesive. IW/FW ratios ranged from 1.239 to 1.515 for SB, and from 3.488 to 6.476 for PB. The PB-Control and SB-Control groups exhibited similar microleakage patterns. The highest dye penetration scores were found for the PB-Test group (p < 0.05). Results indicate that the sealing ability can be affected by the repeated opening of acetone-based adhesive bottles. DESCRIPTORS: Dentin-bonding agents; Dental leakage; Solvents; Evaporation. RESUMO:O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a taxa de volatilização do solvente e a capacidade de selamento de diferentes adesivos de frasco único que estavam em constante uso clínico -um à base de etanol/água (Single Bond, 3M/ESPE) e um à base de acetona (Prime & Bond 2.1, Dentsply/Caulk). Nove frascos de cada agente foram coletados das clínicas da faculdade e outros novos foram utilizados como controle. Os pesos de todos os frascos e de frascos vazios foram determinados em uma balança analítica. Uma gota de cada solução foi dispensada na balança, tomando-se seu peso inicial (PI) e, após 10 min, seu peso final (PF). A razão PI/PF foi utilizada para determinar a taxa de volatilização do solvente. Os frascos com os maiores níveis de evaporação (SB Controle e PB Controle) e com os menores níveis de evaporação (SB Teste e PB Teste) foram aplicados em restaurações Classe V com margens em dentina. Os espécimes foram termociclados e imersos em solução de fucsina básica a 0,5%. A penetração do corante foi avaliada sob magnificação e os dados foram submetidos ao teste de Kruskal-Wallis. A volatilização do solvente foi mais rápida para o adesivo à base de acetona. As razões PI/PF variaram de 1,239 a 1,515 para SB e de 3,488 a 6,476 para PB. PB-Controle e SB-Controle exibiram vedamento similar. Os maiores escores de penetração foram encontrados para o PB-Teste (p < 0,05). Os resultados indicam que a habilidade de selamento pode ser afetada pela r...

Solvent content and dentin bond strengths using water-wet, ethanol-wet and deproteinization bonding techniques

“…The full solvent content used in this study was based on commercially-available adhesives, such as Prime&Bond NT and One-Step (acetone-based agents), and Excite, OptiBond Solo Plus and Single Bond 2 (ethanol-based agents). It is known that acetone evaporates more from the adhesive bottle as a function of its repeated use compared with ethanol [2,3]. Thus, the solvent content in commercial acetone-based adhesives is higher than in ethanoldiluted agents.…”

“…Organic solvents (commonly ethanol or acetone) are important constituents of dental adhesives; solvents displace water from the demineralized dentin and allow infiltration of the resin monomers [1]. Due to their high volatility, solvents may spontaneously evaporate from the adhesive bottle as a function of repeated use [2][3][4][5], high frequency of use and increased storage temperature might accelerate the evaporation. Reduction in the solvent content may interfere with the effectiveness of dentin bond [3,5].…”

“…Due to their high volatility, solvents may spontaneously evaporate from the adhesive bottle as a function of repeated use [2][3][4][5], high frequency of use and increased storage temperature might accelerate the evaporation. Reduction in the solvent content may interfere with the effectiveness of dentin bond [3,5]. Considering that loss in solvent content is commonly observed, adhesive techniques that reduce the solvent dependency are of clinical interest.…”

Hybridization morphology and dentin bond stability of self-etch primers with different ethanol/water ratios

“…Ethanol is a polar solvent that forms an azeotropic mixture with water [18]; hydrogen bonds between water and ethanol molecules are established and the vapor pressure of the mixture is higher than that of pure water, resulting in a better evaporation of water-ethanol aggregates. As the ethanol/water ratio decreases, the vapor pressure of the mixture is also decreased, resulting in lower evaporation efficiency [19,20]. In addition, as the solvent evaporates from the adhesive layer, the concentration of the relatively non-volatile monomers rises [21], lowering the vapor pressure of the solution and making it even more difficult to remove the last amounts of water.…”

Solvent Retention of Contemporary Commercial Dentin Bonding Agents in a Demineralized Dentin Matrix

“…Even in previous studies that investigated this property, [15][16][17][18] only neat or experimental systems were used in combination with the dentin matrix. However, no commercial DBAs were verified.…”