A non-digging zoobenthivorous fish attracts two opportunistic predatory fish associates

Sazima, Cristina; Grossman, Alice

doi:10.1590/s1679-62252005000300014

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A nuclear species is habitually characterized as a predator that disturbs or explores the bottom while foraging (e.g., Diamant and Shpigel 1985;Strand 1988;Gibran 2002;Sazima and Grossman 2005). Additionally, an herbivore that disturbs the substratum and stirs particles while foraging falls within the nuclear category (Sazima et al 2005a).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear-follower foraging associations of reef fishes and other animals at an oceanic archipelago

et al. 2006

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Synopsis Fish species in many families and different trophic levels forage by following fishes and other animals. This interspecific foraging association was examined at an oceanic archipelago in the tropical West Atlantic. We recorded 27 reef fish species, two invertebrate species, and one turtle species playing the nuclear role, and 26 reef fish species acting as followers. The puddingwife wrasse following the spotted goatfish was the commonest foraging association recorded. The spotted goatfish was the nuclear fish that attracted the largest number of follower species (68% of the total number of follower species). The coney and the Noronha wrasse were the follower species that associated with the largest number of nuclear species (63 and 55% of the total number). About 20% of the reef fish species recorded in the archipelago engages in interspecific foraging associations. Substratum disturbance is a strong predictor for a fish displaying the nuclear role in the association, whereas the follower role may be predicted by carnivory. Nuclear species are diverse both in morphology and behaviour, and the nuclear role may be played either by fishes or other marine animals from invertebrates to turtles. Followers, on the other hand, comprise fishes only, which tend to display a more uniform feeding behaviour.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear-follower foraging associations of reef fishes and other animals at an oceanic archipelago

et al. 2006

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“…Strand, 1988;Baird, 1993;Silvano, 2001;Sazima & Grossman, 2005;2006a, 2006b). In the Gulf of California, almost half of the resident reef fishes was recorded as follower species (Strand, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Following food clouds: feeding association between a minute loricariid and a characidiin species in an Atlantic Forest stream, Southeastern Brazil

2007

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Following behavior is a widespread feeding tactic among marine fishes, but remains poorly documented for freshwater fishes. The present study describes such association between two freshwater species: the minute armored catfish Parotocinclus maculicauda and the South American darter Characidium sp. During underwater observations in an Atlantic Forest stream, we recorded Characidium sp. closely following P. maculicauda (<5cm), catching the particles dislodged by this catfish's grazing activity. The following behavior displayed by the darter is considered opportunistic and possibly favors the capture of preys associated to the periphyton. This study is one of the few records of nuclear-follower feeding association between freshwater fishes and the first one in Atlantic Forest streams.O comportamento seguidor é uma tática de forrageio bastante conhecida entre peixes marinhos, mas pouco documentada para peixes de água doce. O presente estudo descreve essa associação alimentar entre duas espécies de riacho: o cascudinho Parotocinclus maculicauda e o peixe-canivete Characidium sp. Por meio de sessões de observação subaquática, Characidium sp. foi registrado seguindo P. maculicauda (<5cm), abocanhando partículas deslocadas pela atividade de pastejo do cascudinho. Esse tipo de comportamento do peixe seguidor é considerado oportunista e possivelmente favorece a captura de presas associadas ao perifíton. Trata-se de um dos poucos registros de associação alimentar do tipo nuclear-seguidor entre peixes de água doce e o primeiro para riachos de Mata Atlântica.

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“…A peculiar kind of association includes species that dig in or inspect the bottom (nuclear species) usually during foraging activities and follower species, which escort nuclear species in order to pick the food items the latter make available (Strand, 1988). This kind of association has been widely described in marine environments (Dubin, 1982;Strand, 1988;Sazima & Grossman, 2005;Sazima et al, 2006), but scarcely reported in freshwater communities (e.g. Kocher & McKaye, 1983;Sazima, 1986;Baker & Foster, 1994;Leitão et al, 2007).…”

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Feeding association between benthic and nektonic Neotropical stream fishes

Teresa

Carvalho

2008

Neotrop. ichthyol.

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Following behaviour among Neotropical stream fishes have been scarcely reported. This type of feeding association was observed in a small stream in the upper rio Paraná system between the catfish, Aspidoras fuscoguttatus, acting as a nuclear species, and Knodus moenkhausii, Poecilia reticulata, and Astyanax altiparanae as follower species. Aspidoras fuscoguttatus individuals dug in the bottom during feeding, causing sediment suspension. Their followers picked food items in the "cloud" of suspended particles. Food items of sediment are no longer consumed by the catfish when in suspension, but are still available for K. moenkhausii, P. reticulata and A. altiparanae. Following behaviour is an alternative feeding tactic for these species, which reinforces the general idea of behavioural plasticity among follower species.A interação nuclear-seguidor tem sido raramente registrada entre peixes de riachos Neotropicais. Este tipo de associação foi observada em um riacho de cabeceira, no sistema do Alto rio Paraná envolvendo o cascudinho, Aspidoras fuscoguttatus, como espécie nuclear, e Knodus moenkhausii, Poecilia reticulata e Astyanax altiparanae como seus seguidores. Indivíduos de Aspidoras fuscoguttatus revolveram o substrato durante alimentação, promovendo a suspensão de sedimento. Os seguidores, por sua vez, movimentaram-se pela "nuvem" de partículas em suspensão, capturando itens alimentares. As particulas alimentares em suspensão parecem não ser utilizadas pelo cascudinho, mas tornam-se disponíveis para K. moenkhausii, P. reticulata e A. altiparanae. O comportamento de seguidor representa uma tática alimentar alternativa para estas espécies, reforçando a idéia geral de plasticidade comportamental entre as espécies seguidoras.

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A non-digging zoobenthivorous fish attracts two opportunistic predatory fish associates

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Nuclear-follower foraging associations of reef fishes and other animals at an oceanic archipelago

Nuclear-follower foraging associations of reef fishes and other animals at an oceanic archipelago

Following food clouds: feeding association between a minute loricariid and a characidiin species in an Atlantic Forest stream, Southeastern Brazil

Feeding association between benthic and nektonic Neotropical stream fishes

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