Kaposi’s sarcoma in a HIV-positive patient: an exuberant and widespread case report in the Amazon

Pereira

et al. 2022

RSD

O HIV é o vírus da imunodeficiência humana que causa a AIDS, síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida, e após sua evolução e alto índice de casos no mundo, fez-se presente concomitantemente a esses pacientes o Sarcoma de Kaposi, que é uma doença que age nos vasos linfáticos, e que pode atingir desde à cavidade oral até outros e vários órgãos. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, descritivo-explicativo de caráter básico sobre a relação da alta incidência do sarcoma de Kaposi em pacientes soropositivos para o HIV. O trabalho tem como objetivo descrever os mecanismos do HIV quanto à suas células de defesa e variação do TCD4+, o papel do HHV-8 para com a doença e também a ação da terapia antirretroviral nesse contexto. Outrossim, analisar a interação dos mecanismos citados para a conclusão da etiologia e além disso, a análise do tratamento e prognóstico da doença.

Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

Relação da alta incidência do sarcoma de Kaposi em pacientes soropositivos para o HIV/AIDS

Pereira

et al. 2022

RSD

“…presented a case of KS where they described that presentation of KS as erythematous maculae on the dorsum of the nose with progressed to face, treated with chemotherapy associated with ART. [ 9 ] Cáceres et al . reported a case of 44-year-old male patient with disseminated dermatosis with high reddened converging lesions into plaques, acquiring violaceous color.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kaposi's sarcoma associated with advanced HIV infection: A case report

Chakraborty

Pandya

Kar

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was recognized in the early 1980s. It was more common in men who had sex with previously healthy men and young people and were affected by atypical pneumopathy caused by an opportunistic microorganism, identified as Pneumocystis carinii , and presently known as Pneumocystis jiroveci . Histopathology of the purplish or brown nodular lesions revealed Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). KS is the most frequent neoplasm in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Its pathophysiology has been associated with the presence of a herpes virus, whose etiologic agent is a member of herpes virus type 8 family, which gets transmitted through sexual contact. Here, we present a case report to present the diagnosis and bring the light of knowledge to the Dentist the need of therapeutic measures in the treatment of the pathology.

Infectious Disease Reports

“…To date, no comparative studies on the efficacy of integrase inhibitors (INIs) plus chemotherapy or alone versus protease inhibitors (PIs) have been conducted. In some cases, starting ART with a dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimen led to regression of KS with or without chemotherapy [87,88]. Although Ridolfo et al [89] reported a case in which there was no relapses after switching from PI to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) regimens, to date, there have been several reports of KS patients relapsing after switching from PI-based to INI-based regimen therapy and to an NNRTI-based regimen, suggesting a decreased effectiveness regarding viral control of KSHV using INI and NNRTI compared to PI [90][91][92].…”

Section: Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma without Respiratory Symptoms and Skin Lesions in an HIV-Naïve Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review

Micali

Russotto

Facciolà

et al. 2022

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal lympho-angioproliferative, mesenchymal low-grade tumor associated with a γ2-herpesvirus, named Kaposi sarcoma-associated virus or human herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8). The lung is considered a usual anatomical location of KS, despite being infrequent, often in association with extensive mucocutaneous lesions and very uncommonly as an isolated event. We report a case of a pulmonary KS (pKS) in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) naïve patient, which was atypical due to a lack of cutaneous involvement and an absence of respiratory symptoms. The pKS was initially identified as a tumoral suspected nodular lesion and only after immunohistochemical analysis was it characterized as KS. Furthermore, the diagnosis of pKS led to the discovery of the HIV-seropositive status of the patient, previously unknown. Our report underlines the importance of considering pKS even without skin lesions and as a first manifestation of HIV infection. We also reviewed literature on the current knowledge about pKS in people living with HIV (PLWH) to underline how one of the most common HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated tumors can have a challenging localization and be difficult to recognize.