Biomedical and pharmacological potential of tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria isolated from marine pufferfish Arothron hispidus (Muller, 1841)

Abstract

Specimens of the pufferfish Arothron hispidus collected at Parangipettai, on the southeast coast of India, were subjected to bacterial isolation and identification. Three species were identified, namely Bacillus sp., Kytococcus sedentarius and Cellulomonas fimi. Partially-purified microbial filtrates exhibited hemolytic activity on chicken and human erythrocytes of O, B and AB blood groups, with maximum activity of 32 HU. The microbial filtrates also presented ATPase, Mg

Production level of tetrodotoxin in Aeromonas is associated with the copy number of a plasmid

“…Thereafter, more and more TTX-producing bacterial strains were isolated from numerous organisms and deep-sea sediments. These bacteria included Acinetobacter sp., Aeromonas sp., Alteromonas sp., Bacillus sp., Bacillus horikoshii, Cellulomonas fimi, Kytococcus sedentarius, Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Marinomonas sp., Microbacterium arabinogalactanolyticum, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei, Plesiomonas sp., Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis tetraodonis, Pseudomonas sp., Raoultella terrigena, Roseobacter sp., Serratia marcescens, Shewanella sp., Tenacibaculum sp., Vibrio alginolyticus and V. fischeri Narita et al, 1987;Sugita et al, 1987;Hwang et al, 1989;Do et al, 1990;Cheng et al, 1995;Ritchie et al, 2000;Lee et al, 2000;Wu et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2008Lu and Yi, 2009;Bragadeeswaran et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2010;Yu et al, 2004Yu et al, , 2011Pratheepa and Vasconcelos, 2013;Magarlamov et al, 2014). Even now there remains much debate in the literature about whether bacteria are truly the source of TTX in animals (Chau et al, 2011), although the bacterial origin of TTX in TTX-bearing pufferfish has been accepted (Noguchi et al, 2006).…”

Histological and biochemical studies on the effect of tetrodotoxin extracted from Puffer fish (Lagocephalus sceleratus) against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in albino mice.

“…This action, in return, prevents the carcinoma cells from getting enough Na + ions needed for their various intracellular functions, and above all to maintain the normal distribution of charge across the cell membrane, a process necessary to maintain cell integrity. Consequently, the proliferation and invasiveness of such cells are suppressed (Grolleau et al 2001;Bragadeeswaran et al, 2010).…”

Maturation and Gonad Development of Yellowspotted Puffer Torquigener flavimaculosus (Osteichthyes: Tetraodontidae) from Iskenderun Bay, North-eastern Mediterranean

“…Although TTX is extremely poisonous to humans and other living creatures, it has been extensively used for human benefits (Alonso et al, 2003;Fouda, 2005;El-Dayem, 2013;Bragadeeswaran et al 2010;Priya & Khora, 2013). The physiological function of tetrodotoxin in pufferfish ovary and testes seems obscure and deserves much more attention and if TTX is going to be extracted from the gonads and used for human benefits, more studies on gonadal development and maturation stages of T. flavimaculosus should be conducted.…”

“…In their study, the anti-tumor activity of the TTX increased by 46%, in addition to decreasing the number of tumor cells. Biomedical and pharmacological potential of TTX-producing bacteria was isolated from a marine pufferfish by Bragadeeswaran et al (2010). China and Canada have performed clinical trials for using TTX as an analgesic for reducing the pain in the cancer patients (Alonso et al, 2003).…”