Prevalence of enamel defects and associated risk factors in both dentitions in preterm and full term born children

Abstract

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of enamel defects and their risk factors on primary and permanent dentitions of prematurely born children and full-term born children born at Regional Hospital of Asa Sul, Brasília, DF, Brazil.Material and MethodsEighty 5-10-year-old children of both genders were examined, being 40 born prematurely (G1) and 40 born full term (G2). The demographic variables, medical history and oral health behaviors were retrieved using a questionnaire and data obtained from clinical examination were recorded. The teeth were examined and the presence of enamel defects was diagnosed according to the DDE Index and registered in odontograms. Subsequently, the defects were categorized in four groups according to one of the criteria proposed in 1992 by the FDI Commission on Oral Health, Research and Epidemiology. Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, Kappa, Mann-Whitney tests and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results75% of total sample had enamel defects. There was a major prevalence of hypoplasia of the enamel in G1 (p<0.001). There was a significant relationship between low weight and presence of the imperfections on the enamel in G1 on the primary dentition. The logistic regression model showed that the other risk factors such as monthly per capita family income, educational level, dietary and hygiene habits, fluoride exposure, trauma, and diseases were not associated with enamel defects and caries.ConclusionsPre-term labor can be a predisposing factor for the presence of the enamel hypoplasia in the primary dentition.

Systemic, oral characteristics and dental management of pediatric patient with Tetralogy of Fallot. A case report.

“…These teeth are more sensitive, which results in a greater difficulty to perform oral hygiene, situation that is made even worse by the food that sticks to the teeth. Patients with congenital heart diseases have a higher rate of untreated carious lesions and a higher percentage of enamel defects 4 , showing high vulnerability and a higher risk for the development of caries disease 5,9 .…”

Defeitos de esmalte não fluoróticos em crianças: aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos

“…Crianças nascidas antes de 37 semanas de gestação foram 2,6 vezes mais suscetíveis a serem afetadas por algum tipo de DDE quando comparadas a crianças maturas 5 . Crianças nascidas a pré-termo, que precisaram de intubação orotraqueal e de ventilação mecânica após o parto, apresentaram maior prevalência de DDE 16,25,34 . A intubação pode promover algum efeito traumático sobre o esmalte do dente em formação 16,25,34 .…”

“…Crianças nascidas a pré-termo, que precisaram de intubação orotraqueal e de ventilação mecânica após o parto, apresentaram maior prevalência de DDE 16,25,34 . A intubação pode promover algum efeito traumático sobre o esmalte do dente em formação 16,25,34 . Nas crianças com histórico de intubação, o defeito mais encontrado foi a hipoplasia, no incisivo central superior direito e incisivo lateral superior esquerdo, fato que pode ocorrer devido ao atrito do laringoscópio com a gengiva 34 .…”

“…As opacidades são os defeitos frequentemente observados na maioria dos estudos, acometendo, principalmente, incisivos e molares 16,17,19,25 . Na dentição decídua e permanente, as opacidades de tipo difuso são as mais encontradas 4 .…”

Hipomineralização molar incisivo (MIH) : uma correlação de fatores possivelmente desencadeantes

“…Desse modo, os defeitos de esmalte podem ser estudados como marcadores de muitos eventos biológicos adversos ocorridos durante o desenvolvimento, e isso pode ter aplicação em investigações clínicas, epidemiológicas e antropológicas (28).…”