Toxicity of chlorhexidine on odontoblast-like cells

Abstract

Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) is recommended for a number of clinical procedures and it has been pointed out as a potential cavity cleanser to be applied before adhesive restoration of dental cavities. Objective: As CHX may diffuse through the dentinal tubules to reach a monolayer of odontoblasts that underlies the dentin substrate, this study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of CHX on cultured odontoblast-like cells (MDPC23). Material and Methods: Cells were cultured and exposed to CHX solutions at concentrations of 0.06%, 0.12%, 0.2%, 1% and 2%. Pure culture medium (α-MEM) and 3% hydrogen peroxide were used as negative and positive control, respectively. After exposing the cultured cells to the controls and CHX solutions for 60 s, 2 h or 60 s with a 24h recovery period, cell metabolism (MTT assay) and total protein concentration were evaluated. Cell morphology was assessed under scanning electron microscopy. CHX had a dose-dependent toxic effect on the MDPC-23 cells. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed when the cells were exposed to CHX in all periods (p<0.05). Significant difference was also determined for all CHX concentrations (p<0.05). The 60-s exposure time was the least cytotoxic (p<0.05), while exposure to CHX for 60 s with a 24-h recovery period was the most toxic to the cells (p<0.05). Conclusion: Regardless of the exposure time, all CHX concentrations had a high direct cytotoxic effect to cultured MDPC-23 cells.

In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of different pulp capping materials: a comparative study

“…This study evaluated the cytocompatibility of the assayed materials towards a murine odontoblast cell line (MDPC-23). Although a recent study by Moodley et al (30) reported that human pulp cell-lines showed higher sensitivity than murine 3T3 cell-lines, many authors have recently used murine odontoblasts for cytocompatibility evaluations of dental materials (31,32). Studies using odontoblast-like (33).…”

Diterpenes of the pimarane type isolated from Viguiera arenaria: Promising in vitro biological potential as therapeutic agents for endodontics

“…The results provided by the cytotoxic activity investigation might be as clinically relevant as previous findings for other dose-and time-dependent compounds like CDH (Lessa et al, 2010) and sodium hypochlorite (Pashely et al, 1985;Sabala and Powell, 1989). The in vitro cytotoxicity of diterpenes I, II, and III against human fibroblasts might not be the same as the cytotoxicity of these compounds in dental materials or in other experimental conditions, which would require additional in vitro and in vivo assays.…”

Electrospun nanofibers of a degradable poly(ester amide). Scaffolds loaded with antimicrobial agents

“…10e), the three of which are required for good in vitro biocompatibility. It has been reported that chlorhexidine solutions exhibit some cytotoxicity at high doses and long exposure times [55]. However, proteins contained in the fetal calf serum used as supplement in the culture medium may have an attenuating effect against chlorhexidine induced cytotoxicity [56], probably due to precipitation of the drug [57].…”