Antimicrobial activity of sodium hypochlorite associated with intracanal medication for Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis inoculated in root canals

Abstract

Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the action of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) associated with an intracanal medication against Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis inoculated in root canals.Material and Methods:Thirty-six human single-rooted teeth with single root canals were used. The canals were contaminated with C. albicans and E. faecalis for 21 days and were then instrumented with 1% NaOCl. The roots were divided into 3 groups (n=12) according to the intracanal medication applied: calcium hydroxide paste, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel, and 2% CHX gel associated with calcium hydroxide. The following collections were made from the root canals: a) initial sample (IS): 21 days after contamination (control), b) S1: after instrumentation, c) S2: 14 days after intracanal medication placement; S3: 7 days after intracanal medication removal. The results were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test at 5% significance level.Results and Conclusions:Both 1% NaOCl irrigation and the intracanal medications were effective in eliminating E. faecalis and C. albicans inoculated in root canals.

In vitroantimicrobial and anti-endotoxin action ofZingiber Officinaleas auxiliary chemical and medicament combined to calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine

“…Some microbial species, such as E. faecalis and C. albicans, may present resistance to calcium hydroxide, a commonly used intra-canal medication [16,20]. This study revealed that calcium hydroxide, pure or associated with chlorhexidine and 20% glycolic ginger extract, was effective on the micro-organisms tested.…”

“…After this period, 5 ml of suspension of C. albicans, 5 ml of suspension of E. faecalis and 10 ml of BHI broth were added to the root canals. A new apyrogenic cotton pellet soaked in BHI broth was placed in the root canal openings and the specimens were kept in an oven at 37 C ± 1 C, in relative humidity, for 21 days, with addition of BHI broth to the root canals every 2 days [9,16].…”

Development of an Ex Vivo Coculture System to Model Pulpal Infection by Streptococcus anginosus Group Bacteria

“…Despite this, it has already been shown that chlorhexidine has activity against a wide range of Gram positive and negative bacteria, as well as some fungi, including Candida albicans (Karami et al 2009;Valera et al 2009). In addition to its broad spectrum of activity, chlorhexidine is an attractive antimicrobial for use in endodontics due its substantivity, as the control of bacterial numbers following treatment is particularly important for a successful outcome.…”

Antimicrobial effect of calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament in root canal treatment: a literature review - Part I.In vitrostudies

“…The results of other experiments showed that the bacteria were almost eliminated by Ca(OH) 2 93,94,95,96,97,98. Noetzel et al and Valera et al found that Ca(OH) 2 effectively reduced microorganisms that remained even after cleaning and shaping procedures 99,100…”