Antimicrobial effect of intracanal substances

Abstract

In some situations, endodontic infections do not respond to therapeutic protocol. In these cases, it is suggested the administration of an alternative intracanal medication that presents a wide spectrum of action and has an in-depth effect on the root canal system. The purpose of this study was to assess the antimicrobial action of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and polyethylene glycol and natrosol vehicles with different associations and concentrations. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by using the agar dilution method. The culture media (Müller-Hinton agar) were prepared containing antimicrobial agents at multiple two-fold dilutions of 0.25 to 16 µg/mL, and with the vehicles at the concentrations of 50, 45, 40, 35, 30 and 25%. Twenty-three microbial strains were selected for the study. Metronidazole was not capable of eliminating any of the tested microorganisms. The association of ciprofloxacin with metronidazole resulted in a reduction of the MIC. The vehicle polyethylene glycol inhibited the growth of 100% of the tested strains, while natrosol inhibited 18% of the strains. Ciprofloxacin formulations with polyethylene glycol presented better effects than those of formulations to which metronidazole was added. It was possible to conclude that ciprofloxacin presented antimicrobial action against all tested bacterial strains, and its association with metronidazole was synergic. The vehicle polyethylene glycol showed antimicrobial effect and the ciprofloxacin/polyethylene glycol association was the most effective combination for reducing the tested bacteria and yeasts.

Antimicrobial Activity of Endodontic Medicaments and Vehicles using Agar Well Diffusion Method on Facultative and Obligate Anaerobes

“…The MIC of ciprofloxacin alone and decrease in MIC when combination of C + M are in unison with the results stated by Carreira et al 9 except for S. aureus might be due to the use of different ATCC strains. The zones of inhibition of ciprofloxacin against clinical isolates of S. aureus and E. faecalis are greater at drug concentration of 5 μg/mL 28 as compared to 100 μg/mL in our study against standard strains of same microorganisms.…”

“…The use of vehicles like PG not only enhances the penetration of the drugs into their dentinal tubules as observed by Cruz et al, 8 but also can even make microbes having drug resistance; sensitive when used along with vehicles like PEG, e.g., metronidazole when used with PEG as in study by Carreira et al 9 The use of vehicles as carriers for intracanal medicaments also improve handling properties of the resulting paste and enhance their release too. All the above selected vehicles do possess antimicrobial activity.…”

“…7 The addition of vehicles to these intracanal medicaments not only improves the handling characteristics but also enhances diffusion through den-tinal tubules, antimicrobial activity, and release of the medicaments. 89 The aim of this study was to determine the relative antimicrobial effectiveness of these endodon-tic medicaments and various vehicles using an agar well diffusion assay.…”

Comparative assessment of efficacy of two different pretreatment single oral doses of betamethasone on inter-appointment and postoperative discomfort: An in vivo clinical evaluation

“…Triple antibiotic paste, which is a combination of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and minocycline, has been successfully employed as an intracanal medicament. [12]…”

Citotoxicidade em relação à concentração e tempo experimental de antibióticos utilizados na terapia endodôntica

“…Portanto, a combinação dos antimicrobianos tem o intuito de ampliar o espectro de ação e atuar particularmente sobre os microrganismos anaeróbios facultativos e aeróbios resistentes (CARREIRA et al, 2007).…”