Testicular involvement in pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia: what to do about it?

Jesus, Lisieux Eyer de; Dekermacher, Samuel; Resende, Glaucia Campos; Justiniano, Renata Rangel

doi:10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2022.0318

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…FNAC in patients with leukemia, suspected for testicular relapse is a routine practice in our institute. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is more common in pediatric population and testicular relapse is one of the commonest presentations of disease recurrence 14 . The current study has a large proportion of pediatric patients, and understandably, infiltration by leukemia was the most common malignancy encountered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is more common in pediatric population and testicular relapse is one of the commonest presentations of disease recurrence. 14 The current study has a large proportion of pediatric patients, and understandably, infiltration by leukemia was the most common malignancy encountered. This observation is in line with another study wherein 34 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia had leukemic infiltration in the testis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Cytological spectrum of testicular malignancies with histopathological correlation: A retrospective analysis

Kerkar,

Kundu,

Kaur

et al. 2023

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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BackgroundTesticular malignancy is the most common solid organ cancer occurring in young men. The most common testicular malignancy is germ cell tumor. Extragonadal malignancies such as lymphomas are rare. Testicular fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in cancer is a bit controversial amidst fear of tumor seeding along the needle tract. Nevertheless, its largely safe, cost‐effective technique providing a quick and fairly reliable diagnosis.MethodsA retrospective analysis of testicular malignancies on FNAC over a period of 9 years with cyto‐histological correlation wherever possible was carried out. FNAC slides and cell blocks with immunocytochemistry wherever done were retrieved.ResultsA total of 74 cases were obtained. The age ranged from 1 year to 65 years. Infiltration by leukemia was the most common malignancy detected in pediatric population, while germ cell tumors were common amongst young adults and middle‐aged men. In elderly, metastatic carcinoma, infiltration by lymphoma were identified. On FNAC, 38 cases were of leukemic infiltration, 27 of germ cell tumors (subtyped as mixed germ cell tumors‐15 cases, seminoma‐11 cases, and yolk sac tumor‐1 case) with two cases each of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, Leydig cell tumor, metastatic adenocarcinoma, and one case each of metastatic small cell carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and malignant neoplasm. Histological correlation was available in 15/74 cases. Only 3 cases were discordant. Seeding of tumor along the needle tract was not seen.ConclusionThe current study deciphers the cytological spectrum of testicular malignancies on FNAC and highlights its importance as a reliable modality for a prompt diagnosis of testicular tumors guiding patient management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cytological spectrum of testicular malignancies with histopathological correlation: A retrospective analysis

Kerkar,

Kundu,

Kaur

et al. 2023

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…y los testículos que presentan una barrera hematotesticular y junto con la testosterona puede ayudar a las células leucémicas a sobrevivir(de Jesus, Dekermacher, Resende, & Justiniano, 2022;Pereira & Garcia E Costa, 2007).…”

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Reducción de la inmunosupresión inducida por células T reguladoras en leucemia linfoblástica aguda

Basurto Olvera

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Testicular leukaemic infiltration in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a case report

Qader,

Akhgar,

Tan

et al. 2024

Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med

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Background Although paediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) have improved survival following modern chemotherapy treatment, disease relapses still occur in 20–25% of them. Our case had relapsed ALL with testicular leukaemic infiltration, which is rare, with less than 2% incidence. Case presentation We describe a case of an 11-year-old boy with a background history of ALL presenting with painless unilateral scrotal swelling. An initial ultrasound of the testes showed heterogeneity throughout with hypervascularity on colour-flow imaging on the affected testis. Some areas are hypoechoic with dilated tubules. The histopathology of the follow-up testicular biopsy revealed malignant cells and leukaemic infiltration. Patient subsequently received chemotherapy treatment at another centre. Conclusions Testicular relapse of ALL is relatively rare with the use of improved contemporary frontline treatment with better outcomes. With its non-specific symptoms, radiological imaging can significantly facilitate timely diagnosis and contribute to appropriate further management and improved prognosis.

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Testicular involvement in pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia: what to do about it?

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Cytological spectrum of testicular malignancies with histopathological correlation: A retrospective analysis

Cytological spectrum of testicular malignancies with histopathological correlation: A retrospective analysis

Reducción de la inmunosupresión inducida por células T reguladoras en leucemia linfoblástica aguda

Testicular leukaemic infiltration in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a case report

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