Effect of a high-fat diet on the rat bladder wall and bioactive action of Brazil nut oil

Abstract

High-fat diet-induced obesity is associated with metabolic disorders. The Brazil nut has bioactive substances and has been used to control the damage caused by obesity in several organs. The work intended to show the damage caused by high-fat diet in the bladder wall and if the Brazil nut oil added to the diet could ameliorate or reverse this effect. Sixty-day-old rats were divided into two groups: C (control, n = 30) and HF (high-fat, n = 30) diets. At 90 days, 10 animals of each group were sacrificed. The others were divided into 4 groups: C and HF (animals that maintained their previous diet, n = 10 for each group) and C / Bno and HF / Bno (animals whose control or high-fat diet was supplemented by Brazil nut oil, n = 10 for each group). Sacrifice occurred at 120 days, and the bladders were removed and analyzed. Epithelial height was increased in the HF compared to the C group. In contrast, the C / Bno had a lower epithelial height compared to the others. The percentage of collagen between the detrusor muscle fibers was significantly greater in C / Bno, HF and HF / Bno than in control group. The HF had a larger muscle fiber diameter than the C group, while the C / Bno presented lower values than the HF and HF / Bno groups. HF diets induced bladder wall damage. These changes in the rat's bladder wall were partially reversed by the Bno.

Myrtus communis L. Extract Ameliorates High Fat Diet Induced Kidney and Bladder Damage by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

“…It has been shown that there is an increase in glomerular and interstitial collagen in the kidney as a result of NOX-2-related oxidative damage (64). In another study, increase of collagen has been noted between muscle bundles of the bladder in HFD-induced obesity (19). Parallel with the previous studies, increase of collagen in interstitial connective tissue and around the glomeruli in kidney and between the muscle bundles in bladder and increase of MDA level and NOX-2 positive cells in both kidney and bladder were observed in the HFD group.…”

“…Obesity is the underlying cause of many diseases such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, CKD, overactive bladder and various cancers (2,(4)(5)(6)(7). Studies in rodents have shown that body weight increases as a result of HFD feeding (19,(38)(39)(40)(41)(42). For controlling body weight and to prevent obesity related diseases, it is recommended to change lifestyle through physical activity and eating a low calorie diet containing more vegetables and fruits (2).…”

“…Hypertrophy of adipose tissue causes inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance through numerous adipokines such as leptin, which causes inflammation in the kidney and the bladder (17,18). Studies have shown that leptin-mediated oxidative damage and mesangial cell inflammation develop in the kidney when HFD has been established (11), together with the detrusor muscle hypertrophy, collagen deposition and epithelial hypertrophy that occur in the bladder (17,19). Lower urinary tract dysfunctions associated with obesity have been shown in both experimental animals and humans (20,21).…”