Aneurisma de artéria esplênica associado a uma variação anatômica na origem

Abstract

O aneurisma de artéria esplênica foi descrito pela primeira vez por Beaussier em 1770, e o primeiro tratamento bem-sucedido foi apresentado por McLeod em 1940. O aneurisma da artéria esplênica é considerado o mais comum do território esplâncnico, afetando 46 a 60% dos doentes com aneurismas viscerais. A maioria dos doentes é assintomática, e o achado do aneurisma de artéria esplênica costuma ser casual, durante a investigação de outra doença abdominal por imagem. Descrevemos o caso incomum de uma doente do sexo feminino, com 31 anos de idade, com um grande aneurisma de artéria esplênica que se originava da artéria mesentérica superior.

Achados incidentais de aneurismas torácicos e abdominais

“…20,25 The most common visceral aneurysms are: splenic artery aneurysms (46 to 60%), aneurysms of renal arteries (17 to 30%), hepatic artery aneurysms (9 to 20%), superior mesenteric aneurysms (3 to 5%) and celiac trunk aneurysms (3 to 4%). 20,25 In the sample analyzed here, one aneurysm of the splenic artery was detected, with a diameter of 1.2 cm, in a 62-year-old patient, and one aneurysm of the renal artery, with a 2.2 cm diameter, in an 89-year-old patient, both male.…”

“…20 Aneurysms of the splenic artery are the third most common intra-abdominal aneurysms and the most common visceral aneurysms (46 to 60%); they are more common among women (75 to 87%) aged 50 to 79 years. 25,26 Indications for treatment include diameter greater than 2 cm, woman of fertile age, pregnancy before the third trimester, if associated with pancreatitis or pancreatic pseudocyst or in symptomatic cases. 20,21,[25][26][27][28] Aneurysms exhibit varying clinical manifestations.…”

“…25,26 Indications for treatment include diameter greater than 2 cm, woman of fertile age, pregnancy before the third trimester, if associated with pancreatitis or pancreatic pseudocyst or in symptomatic cases. 20,21,[25][26][27][28] Aneurysms exhibit varying clinical manifestations. They are often asymptomatic and may be detected incidentally or by screening programs.…”

Embolization of splenic artery aneurysm associated with gastrointestinal bleeding: case report

“…1 A majority of these aneurysms occur in multiparous women (4:1) with a mean age of 55. The incidence of rupture ranges from 3 to 10% and risk is higher during physical effort, including labor, leading to major bleeding and fatality rates of 10 to 25.…”

“…They are asymptomatic in the majority of patients and splenic artery aneurysms tend to be diagnosed as an incidental finding when investigating some other abdominal disease using imaging. 1 Despite being the third most common type of abdominal artery aneurysm and the most common type of visceral artery aneurysm, splenic artery aneurysms are considered relatively rare. [2][3][4] A review of routine autopsies of the general population found a very low incidence of splenic artery aneurysm (0.01%), rising to 1% in the hypertense population and 10.4% in the elderly population.…”