Mesofauna do solo em diferentes sistemas de uso da terra no Alto Rio Solimões, AM

Abstract

-The mesofauna has an important function in the soil and it is represented mainly by Acari Oribatida and Collembola. We report the fi rst data on the density and diversity of the soil mesofauna in Benjamin Constant, Amazonas State, Brazil. The following systems were evaluated: primary forest, secondary forest, agroforestry system, cultivated areas and pastures. A total of 101 samples were collected 100 m apart from each other and specimens were collected by using Berlese-Tullgren method. The highest density was registered in secondary forest (29,776 specimens.m -2 ). Acari Oribatida was the dominant group (7.072 specimens.m -2 ) in the pasture, suggesting that mites show higher capacity of adaptation to disturbed environments and/or due to the presence of gregarious species. The density of Collembola (5,632 specimens.m -2 ) was higher in secondary forest. Formicidae was the dominant group (27,824 specimens.m -2 ) and its highest density occurred in the secondary forest (12,336 specimens.m -2 ). Seven species and ten morphospecies of Isoptera and three species of Symphyla were identifi ed. The highest density and diversity were found in secondary forest. One supposes that the low density of mesofauna found in all of the studied systems is being infl uenced by soil structure and composition as well as litter volume. For SUT, the composition of taxonomic groups in the cultivated areas is similar to the one found in primary forest, while the groups found in the agroforestry system are similar to those in the pasture, which may help to decide on land use strategies.

Litter manipulation and the soil arthropod community in a lowland tropical rainforest

“…Relative proportions of taxa identified in this investigation were compared with those obtained by previous tropical studies (Buskirk and Buskirk, 1976;Leakey and Proctor, 1987;Atkin and Proctor, 1988;Paoletti et al, 1991;Wiwatwitaya and Takeda, 2004;Palacios-Vargas et al, 2007;De Morais et al, 2010) using NMDS based on BrayeCurtis dissimilarity.…”

Relação Fauna Do Solo-Paisagem Em Plantio De Eucalipto Em Topossequência

“…O predomínio de Formicidae também ocorreu em diferentes ecossistemas tropicais, nos quais se empregaram funis de Berlese-Tüllgren para a extração dos artrópodes da serapilheira e/ou do solo (MOÇO et al, 2005;MORAIS et al, 2010;SILVA et al, 2013a). Formicidae predominou: em um plantio de eucalipto Corymbia citriodora e em uma capoeira (regeneração natural de Mata Atlântica) no Parque Estadual do Desengano, na região norte-fluminense (MOÇO et al, 2005); em áreas de floresta secundária, floresta primária, sistema agroflorestal e roça na região da Amazônia brasileira (MORAIS et al, 2010); e em plantios puros de Eucalyptus camaldulensis e Acacia mangium instalados sobre cava de extração de argila em Campos dos Goytacazes, no estado do Rio de Janeiro (SILVA et al, 2013a).…”

“…Estudos desta natureza são importantes, pois a fauna do solo fornece indicativos da sustentabilidade ecossistêmica uma vez que modificações edafoclimáticas resultam em alterações na estrutura e composição da comunidade da fauna do solo. Esse padrão foi verificado em estudos que englobam ecossistemas florestais com diferentes tamanhos (CAMARA et al, 2017), estágios de regeneração natural (MORAIS et al, 2010;CAMARA et al, 2012) e tipos de cobertura vegetal (MOÇO et al, 2005;CUNHA NETO et al, 2012;SILVA et al, 2013a). Também, em estudos sobre comparação entre áreas com diferentes tipos de manejo do solo (BARETTA et al, 2014) e manejo de plantas daninhas em Eucalyptus (GARLET et al, 2017), diferentes estações climáticas (MOÇO et al, 2005;CAMARA et al, 2012;SILVA et al, 2013b;BARETTA et al, 2014) e condições variadas de fertilidade do solo (BARETTA et al, 2014).…”

Effects of Natural Atlantic Forest Regeneration on Soil Fauna, Brazil

“…However, there are divergent results in terms of Formicidae. It has been observed in Brazilian Amazon (Morais et al, 2010) and Atlantic Forests (Menezes et al, 2009;Camara et al, 2012) that the abundance or relative participation of this saprophagous-predator group was higher in areas undergoing a less advanced stage of tropical forest regeneration than a more advanced stage.…”

“…According to some authors, abundance, richness and diversity of soil fauna increases, as secondary succession in tropical forest ecosystems advances (Barberena-Arias & Aide, 2003;Negrete-Yankelevich et al, 2007;Morais et al, 2010;Menezes et al, 2009;Camara et al, 2012;Szinwelski et al, 2012;Rousseau et al, 2014;Machado et al, 2015). Additionally, the predators and saprophagous are both functional groups that are somehow favored in areas undergoing more advanced stages of forest regeneration (Menezes et al, 2009;Camara et al, 2012;Rousseau et al, 2014;Machado et al, 2015).…”