Diversidade, distribuição e abundância de flebotomíneos (Diptera: Psychodidae) no Paraná

Abstract

-Due to the spread of the Visceral leishmaniasis in Brazilian territory, this research was undertaken with the objective to identify the sandfl y fauna and aspects of the species' behavior in forest and anthropic environments in Paraná State, Brazil. The sandfl y captures were sporadically carried out in 37 municipalities of the Paraná state, during the period from March 2004 to November 2005. Each municipality was once visited, when Falcão traps were installed during three consecutive nights in forested fragments and anthropic environments; captures with Shannon traps installed in forests and edge of forests, inspection of walls and electric aspiration in domiciles and forested areas were sporadically undertaken. The data analysis was based on estimates of frequency and abundance of the species, by fi ve native landscapes. A total of 38,662 specimens belonging to 23 species were captured. Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto) (75.6%), Ny. whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho) (10.1%), Migonemyia migonei (França) (7.8%), Expapillata fi rmatoi (Barreto et al.) (2.1%) and Pintomyia fi scheri (Pinto) (1.6%) together constituted 97.2% of the phlebotomine colletcted. High frequencies of sand fl ies were found in forests, henhouses, pigpens and domiciles. The three most frequent species have been implicated in transmission of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Paraná and in the Brazilian Southeastern and Southern Regions. Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva), the visceral leishmaniasis vector was no found, however Lutzomyia gaminariai (Cordero et al.), female of which is similar to that of Lu. longipalpis was captured, raising the need to investigate its behavior, including as regard to the vectorial competence.KEY WORDS: Phlebotominae, fauna, ecology, vector RESUMO -Devido à crescente expansão da leishmaniose visceral americana (LVA) no Brasil, o presente estudo teve como objetivo identifi car as espécies de fl ebotomíneos em áreas vulneráveis à transmissão dessa parasitose, bem como em outras sem qualquer informação sobre a presença desses dípteros no Paraná. As coletas de fl ebotomíneos foram realizadas em 46 localidades distribuídas em 37 municípios do Paraná, no período de março de 2004 a novembro de 2005. Em cada uma das localidades foram instaladas armadilhas de Falcão, durante três noites consecutivas, em vegetação natural e ambientes antrópicos (intra e peridomicílio). Ocasionalmente, foram instalas armadilhas de Shannon e feitas inspeções de paredes e aspiração em domicílio, peridomicílio e extradomicílio. O tratamento dos dados baseou-se na estimativa das freqüências e abundância das espécies, segundo cinco regiões de distintas paisagens originais. (Cordero et al.), cujas fêmeas são morfologicamente semelhantes às de Lu. longipalpis. As espécies mais freqüentes e abundantes têm sido apontadas como vetores da leishmaniose tegumentar no Paraná e em outras áreas das Regiões Sudeste e Sul do Brasil. A presença de Lu. gaminarai no Paraná suscita a necessidade de estudos do seu comportamento, inclusive em relação à sua competênci...

Sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in rural and urban environments in an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in southern Brazil

“…whitmani in altered residual forests in urban environments in PR (Teodoro et al 2001, Zanzarine et al 2005 and in many rural regions of northern PR (da Silva et al 2008) demonstrate that this species is adapting to the anthropic environment.…”

“…However, after capturing 38,662 sandfly specimens in 37 municipalities, da Silva et al (2008) found that 86.1% of the sandflies belonged to Psychodopygina, 12.7% to Lutzomyiina, 0.8% to Sergentomyiina and 0.4% to Brumptomyiina; the two last subtribes inverted their positions in the ranking. However, within the subtribe Psychodopygina, the da Silva et al (2008) study found that Ny.…”

Fauna of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in areas with endemic American cutaneous leishmaniasis in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

“…neivai (Table III). Nova Andradina had less than 2% of specimens captured, and showed the second lowest diversity value (Table I, Massafera et al (2005) and Silva et al (2008) in the State of Paraná. In the state of São Paulo, Condino et al (1998) also observed a higher density of Ny.…”

Description of the female of Evandromyia rupicola (Martins, Godoy & Silva) with a review of the rupicola series (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)

“…Spermatheca width less than twice that of the individual sperm duct, this being as long as the common duct (Fig 12) ……………….……………............…… E. rupicola Width of spermatheca at least three times that of the individual duct, this being shorter than the common duct (Fig 19) So far, we have information that the rupicola series is restricted to Brazil and is limited to the Atlantic forest domain. Evandromyia correalimai is the species with the widest known distribution, including interior areas of the Southeastern (Forattini et al 1976, Galati et al 2010 and Southern regions (Martins et al 1970, 1978, Gomes & Galati 1977, Aguiar et al 1989, Dias et al 1997, Silva & Grunewald 1999, Luz et al 2000, Massafera et al 2005, Dias-Sversutti et al 2007, Silva et al 2008. Evandromyia rupicola is restricted to the Southeastern region, in the mountainous region of eastern Minas Gerais state (Mayrink et al 1979), Rio de Janeiro state (Martins et al 1962, 1978, Aguiar et al 1985, Afonso et al 2007 and in the coastal area of São Paulo state (Condino 2007).…”

“…Bar = 100 µm. (Forattini et al 1976, Galati et al 2010, PARANÁ state (Apucarana, Arapongas, Borrazópolis, Bandeirantes, Curitiba, Doutor Camargo, Jacarezinho, Jussara, Londrina and Marumbi municipalities (Martins et al 1970, 1978, Gomes & Galati 1977, Aguiar et al 1989, Luz et al 2000, Massafera et al 2005, Dias-Sversutti et al 2007, Silva et al 2008 and RIO GRANDE DO SUL (Derrubadas and Tenente Portela municipalities) (Dias et al 1997, Silva & Grunewald 1999. Evandromyia rupicola: MINAS GERAIS -Caratinga municipality (Mayrink et al 1979), RIO DE JANEIRO state -Magé, Petrópolis, Resende/Itatiaia municipalities (Martins et al 1962, 1978, Aguiar et al 1985, Afonso et al 2007 and SÃO PAULO state -Ilhabela and Ubatuba municipalities (Condino 2007 …”