Reproductive behavior of Eidmanacris corumbatai Garcia (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae)

Abstract

Comportamento Reprodutivo de Eidmanacris corumbatai Garcia (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) RESUMO -Em Eidmanacris corumbatai Garcia, os machos adultos apresentam tegminas reduzidas e sem aparelho estridulatório e, portanto, tiveram que desenvolver outros modos de comunicação intraespecifica. Durante a corte, os machos usam uma combinação de batimentos com as pernas dianteiras e ondulações das antenas, além da sinalização química através de feromônios, uma vez que as fêmeas se tornam receptivas à cópula quando os machos expõem a glândula metanotal. Essa glândula, localizada no metanoto do macho, é também uma fonte de substâncias das quais a fêmea se alimenta antes de receber o espermatóforo. Durante a cópula, a fêmea destrói o ápice da glândula metanotal para ter acesso à secreção liberada por essa estrutura. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Glândula metanotal, presente nupcial, griloABSTRACT -Adult males of Eidmanacris corumbatai Garcia have reduced tegmina without stridulatory apparatus. For this reason, they developed other means of intra-specific communication. During courtship, the males use a combination of foreleg drumming and waving of the antennae, in addition to chemical signaling through pheromones. The females become receptive to copulation when the males expose their metanotal gland. This gland, located on the male metanotum, is also a source of substances on which females feed before receiving the spermatophore. During copulation, the female destroys the apex of the metanotal gland to gain access to the secretion released by this structure.

Complex mating behavior in Adelosgryllus rubricephalus (Orthoptera, Phalangopsidae, Grylloidea)

“…According to ALEXANDER & OTTE (1967), long copulation is prevalent in groups with metanotal secretions, without spermatophore transfer; short copulation generally occurs in groups without metanotal secretions, and with spermatophore transfer. The Phalangopsidae N. mayus (ALEXANDER & OTTE, 1967), E. recondita (NISCHK & OTTE, 2000) and E. corumbatai (PRADO, 2005) are in accordance to the former situation, but in A. rubricephalus, there are no spermatophore transfer, its copulation is also long, although there are no methanotal glands.…”

“…The crickets' reproductive behavior includes a set of events beginning with males attracting females by means of acoustic signals (ALEXANDER, 1962(ALEXANDER, , 1967 or by emission of specific pheromone (BROWN, 1999;PRADO, 2005). Sexual recognition occurs through antennation (LOHER & DAMBACH, 1989;TREGENZA & WEDELL, 1997), triggering the male's courtship rituals that simultaneously comprise the emission of acoustic signals, antennae vibrations, maxillary palpi touches and body vibrations (ALEXANDER, 1967;BELL, 1980).…”

“…Sexual recognition occurs through antennation (LOHER & DAMBACH, 1989;TREGENZA & WEDELL, 1997), triggering the male's courtship rituals that simultaneously comprise the emission of acoustic signals, antennae vibrations, maxillary palpi touches and body vibrations (ALEXANDER, 1967;BELL, 1980). Copulation may be preceded or followed by delivering of male's nuptial gift, such as glandular secretion (HANCOCK, 1905;WALKER & GURNEY, 1967), hemolymph (PRADO, 2005), spermatophore (VAHED, 1998;SHAW & KHINE, 2004) or spermatophylax (SAKALUK, 1984). During copulation there may or may not occur spermatophore transference, which is correlated with male's strategies to keep female in copulating position, as well as with male's postcopulation behavior.…”

“…Up to now, only five Phalangolpsidae species have been analyzed regarding reproductive behavior: Nemoricantor mayus (Hubbell, 1938) (ALEXANDER & OTTE, 1967;BOAKE & CAPRANICA, 1982;BOAKE, 1984), Phaeophilacris spectrum Saussure, 1878 (DAMBACH & LICHTENSTEIN, 1978), Vanzoliniella sambophila Mello & Reis, 1994(MELLO & REIS, 1994, Ecuazarida recondita Nischk & Otte, 2000(NISCHK & OTTE, 2000 and Eidmanacris corumbatai Garcia, 1998(PRADO, 2005.…”

Ethology of the cricket Endecous (Endecous) chape Souza-Dias & de Mello, 2017 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) I: Agonistic and reproductive behavior

“…From a behavioral viewpoint, crickets (Orthoptera: Grylloidea) use all the main classes of sensory perception for intraspe-cific communication (chemical, acoustic, tactile, and visual), and present specialized aggressive and hierarchical behaviors as well as a high degree of territoriality when compared to other non-social invertebrates (Alexander 1962). Male-male agonistic behavior, for example, is primarily related to territoriality, and dominance is established through antennal contact, stridulation, and fights (Alexander 1961, Khazraïe and Campan 1997, Prado 2006, Wilson et al 2010. Cricket reproductive behavior includes female attraction by means of the calling song and sexual recognition by antennation (Hardy andShaw 1983, Balakrishnan andPollack 1997), which triggers courtship and copulation (Alexander 1966, Alexander and Otte 1967, Alexander 1975, Otte and Cade 1976, Otte 1992, Kortet and Hedrick 2005.…”