Ocorrência de Pantophthalmus kerteszianus Enderlein (Diptera: Brachycera) em Croton lanjowvensis (Euphorbiaceae) em Manaus, Estado do Amazonas

Abstract

Occurrence of Pantophthalmus kerteszianus Enderlein (Diptera: Brackycera) in Croton lanjowvensis(Euphorbiaceae) in Manaus, State of Amazonas, Brazil ABSTRACT -The fly Pantophthalmus kerteszianus Enderlein is reported for the first time attacking live tree trunks of Croton lanjowvensis Jablonski (dima) in Manaus city, Amazonas. During a year, five trees of this species were monitored. Adult flies were collected and measurements of diameter and depth of the holes as well as height of attack of larvae on the trunk were made. Seven adults were observed. The average diameter and depth of galleries in the transversal direction were 0.8 cm and 19.1 cm, respectively. The height of attack varied from 1 m to 3 m from the ground level.KEY WORDS: Insecta, fly, damage RESUMO -Relata-se pela primeira vez a ocorrência de Pantophthalmus kerteszianus Enderlein danificando troncos de árvores vivas de Croton lanjowvensis Jablonski (dima) em Manaus, Amazonas. Durante um ano de monitoramento em cinco árvores desta espécie, foi feita a coleta dos insetos adultos e medidos o diâmetro dos orifícios na superfície dos troncos, a profundidade das galerias e a altura do ataque das larvas ao tronco. Foram coletados sete adultos. O diâmetro dos orifícios e a profundidade das galerias no sentido transversal mediam, em média, 0,8 cm e 19,1cm, respectivamente e a altura do ataque no tronco variou de 1 m a 3 m do nível do solo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Insecta, mosca, danoVários insetos têm sido encontrados causando danos em essências florestais, tanto em árvores sãs, como deterioradas ou mesmo abatidas. Dentre esses insetos pode-se citar Pantophtalmus kerteszianus Enderlein, pertencente à família Pantophthalmidae (Diptera: Brachycera), cujas larvas vivem em galerias que escavam em troncos de árvores vivas ou mortas, exclusivamente em espécies florestais neotropicais.

Study on the Pantophthalmidae Family (Diptera: Pantophthalmidae)

“…A phonetic interaction was found between Semeiochernes armiger (Balzan, 1892), with Pantophthalmus tabaninus Thunberg, 1819, in an Amazon rainforest, although not much is known about the relationship of this insect with the environment and agriculture, it is known that it can be a pest to the attack various cultures, such as angico, bracatinga, yellow cinnamon, Imperial palm, Paraná pine, and others. These larvae usually open cylindrical, horizontal, simple or branched galleries, in the woody region of the wood, making the plant unproductive (Figure 10) [9,10].…”

“…The egg stages, which have a elliptical, cream colored and covered by small honeycomb-like cells, and are placed on the bark of trees, singly or in groups, with hatching of the larvae after 24 days; followed by the larval stage, which lasts an average of 24 months, in which the development of oral structures, especially the mandible, and the last abdominal segment of the larva is well chitinized, with thorn-like structures, with the probable function of defense. the larvae of Pantophthalmus are approximately 4 mm long; in sequence, there is pupal stage, measuring between 40 and 45 mm in length, having a light brown color, with dark and hardened anterior end (Figures 13A and 13B) [10,11].…”

“…Figure 13B Antophthalmid larvae in relation to adult (abdomen shown)Their formation takes place inside the galleries that. they are opened in the wood by the larvae and reach the adult stage after 30 to 45 days; and in the final stage, adult, the coloration becomes dull, dark brown, with dark yellow wings, and the females become stand out in size in relation to males, in addition, they have a developed abdomen, and the ovipositor is located at its tip (Figure14)[10,11].…”

Ocorrência de Pantophthalmus kerteszianus e P. chuni (Diptera: Pantophthalmidae) em paricá, no Estado do Pará

“…Foi possível identificar de qual orifício era proveniente o adulto, dado o hábito do inseto de posicionar a pupa com metade do corpo de fora da madeira, de modo a facilitar a emergência, deixando pendurada a exúvia (Figura 4). Esse mesmo comportamento é descrito em outras plantas hospedeiras (Abreu & Rocha, 2003).…”

“…As ocorrências de P. kerteszianus e P. chuni representam novos registros dessas espécies em área de reflorestamento em larga escala de paricá no Estado do Pará. Na Amazônia, foram registrados danos de P. kerteszianus em árvores de Croton lanjowvensis Jablonski (Euphorbiaceae) (Abreu & Rocha, 2003) e de Pantophthalmus sp. em paricá, nesse último, de forma não quantificada (Teixeira & Bianchetti, 1999).…”