Biology of Diadegma sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), from Reunion Island

Monnerat, R. G.; Kirk, Alan A.; Bordat, Dominique

doi:10.1590/s1519-566x2002000200015

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Diadegma insulare is a solitary, host-specific larval endoparasitoid of DBM and is one of its most important biocontrol agents in the Nearctic to the northern Neotropical regions (Harcourt 1960(Harcourt , 1986Fitton & Walker 1992;Mukenfuss et al 1992;Idris & Grafius 2001). On average, it can parasitize 70 Á/90% of DBM larvae and parasitized larvae consume 35 Á/80% less food than nonparasitized larvae (Mukenfuss et al 1992;Mitchell et al 1997;Sourakov & Mitchell 2000;Monnerat et al 2002). In North America, parasitism by D. insulare sometimes exceeds 80% for fourth instars and 50% for third instars (Hutchison et al 2004).…”

Section: Larval Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under laboratory conditions, the ratio of males to females is usually extremely high (about 10:1) due to frequent haploid parthenogenesis; in the field this ratio is equivalent (about 1.1:1.0) (Harcourt 1960). The proportion of male wasps from young parasitized DBM larvae (L 2 ) is greater than females while larvae parasitized at L 3 and L 4 stages yield more females (Fox et al 1990;Monnerat et al 2002). Temperature also affects parasitism rates and sex ratio.…”

Section: Larval Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperature also affects parasitism rates and sex ratio. Monnerat et al (2002) demonstrated that Diadegma sp. did not parasitize at 158C, while at temperatures of 20, 25 and 298C, parasitism rates were similar.…”

Section: Larval Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological control of the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella: A review

Sarfraz

Keddie

Dosdall

2005

Biocontrol Science and Technology

220

150

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The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is one of the most destructive cosmopolitan insect pests of brassicaceous crops. It was the first crop insect reported to be resistant to DDT and now, in many crucifer producing regions, it has shown significant resistance to almost every synthetic insecticide applied in the field. In certain parts of the world, economical production of crucifers has become almost impossible due to insecticidal control failures. Consequently, increased efforts worldwide have been undertaken to develop integrated pest management (IPM) programs, principally based on manipulation of its natural enemies. Although over 130 parasitoid species are known to attack various life stages of DBM, most control worldwide is achieved by relatively few hymenopteran species belonging to the ichneumonid genera Diadegma and Diadromus , the braconid genera Microplitis and Cotesia , and the eulophid genus Oomyzus . DBM populations native to different regions have genetic and biological differences, and specific parasitoid strains may be associated with the specific DBM strains. Therefore, accurate identification based on genetic studies of both host and parasitoid is of crucial importance to attaining successful control of DBM through inoculative or inundative releases. Although parasitoids of DBM larvae and pupae are currently its principal regulators, bacteria-derived products (e.g., crystal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis ) and myco-insecticides principally based on Zoophthora radicans and Beauveria bassiana are increasingly being applied or investigated for biological control. Viruses, nematodes and microsporidia also have potential as biopesticides for DBM. When an insect pest is exposed to more than one mortality factor, there is the possibility of interactions that can enhance, limit, or limit and enhance the various aspects of effectiveness of a particular control tactic. This paper reviews the effectiveness of various parasitoids and entomopathogens against DBM, interactions among them, and their possible integration into modern IPM programs.

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Section: Larval Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Larval Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological control of the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella: A review

Sarfraz

Keddie

Dosdall

2005

Biocontrol Science and Technology

220

150

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“…However, species belonging to Diadegma and Cotesia are the most predominant and effective larval parasitoids of P. xylostella and have been introduced into many regions to improve its biological control (Waterhouse and Norris 1987;Yang et al 1993Yang et al , 1994Kfir 1997;Noda et al 2000;Monnerat et al 2002;Shi et al 2002Shi et al , 2004. Field observations suggest that parasitoids may exhibit different rates of parasitism of P. xylostella on different crops (Idris and Grafius 1996;Beck and Cameron 1990;Mitchell et al 1997;Verkerk and Wright 1997;Liu et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitism and developmental parameters of the parasitoid Diadegma majale (Gravenhorst) in control of Plutella xylostella (L.) on selected cultivars of canola

et al. 2011

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The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is one of the most economically significant pests of canola, Brassica napus L., in Ardabil region, Iran. Use of host plant resistance integrated with biocontrol agents such as Diadegma majale (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) is an essential component of integrated management of P. xylostella. In this study, we investigated the parasitism by D. majale on six selected cultivars of canola under field conditions and preference and performance of the parasitoid on P. xylostella larvae under laboratory conditions. In field experiments, the highest larval density of P. xylostella was observed on Zarfam during 2008 and 2009. Larval densities were not significantly different among Opera, Hyola 401, Okapi, and Option 500 and Elite in 2008, but the lowest larval density was observed on Opera in 2009. No significant differences were observed among the rate of parasitized larvae on tested cultivars in 2008, while in 2009 the parasitism rate was significantly higher on Opera than on Zarfam. In free-choice situations, the percentage of parasitized larvae was significantly highest on Opera (88.7%) and lowest on Zarfam (62.95%). Developmental time from egg to adult, body mass, length of forewings and hindwings, length of hind femur and hind tibia of D. majale females reared on larvae of P. xylostella fed on Opera did not differ from other cultivars. Our results suggest that cultivation of Opera integrated with D. majale could provide effective and sustainable management of P. xylostella in the region.

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“…Entre os métodos de controle encontram-se a rotação de cultura, armadilhas luminosas, reguladores de crescimento de insetos, inimigos naturais, como parasitóides (Monnerat & Bordat 1998, Castelo Branco & Medeiros 2001, Monnerat et al 2002, cultivares resistentes e feromônios (Castelo Branco 1999, Imenes et al 2002. Lin et al (1983) afirmaram que a dureza de folhas de plantas de repolho afeta as lagartas de P. xylostella, principalmente as de primeiro instar, que apresentam hábito minador.…”

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