Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the weight retention of women from the 2nd to the 18th month postpartum served in the vaccination sector of the Municipal Polyclinic in Viçosa-MG, Brazil, concerning socioeconomic, behavioral, obstetrical, anthropometric factors and the occurrence of breastfeeding in this period. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of women from the 2nd to the 18th month postpartum. A semi-structured questionnaire containing items related to identif ication, anthropometry, sociodemographic conditions, breastfeeding and general habits of the participants was applied. There were selfreport of pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy, and measurement of height and weight of mothers; weight retention was calculated as the difference between current and pre-pregnancy weight. Descriptive statistics were performed by measures of central tendency and dispersion. Results: There was high prevalence of overweight in less than or equal to six months postpartum and overweight and obesity in the period longer than six months postpartum; the latter finding is a concern. We also observed greater weight retention among women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy. Conclusions: Although the small sample size limited the fulfillment of some statistical associations, there was relationship between retention of gestational weight gain and postpartum weight. On the positive side, it can be mentioned the high prevalence of breastfeeding among mothers studied.