Association between diabetes and tuberculosis: case-control study

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To test the association between diabetes and tuberculosis. METHODS:It is a case-control study, matched by age and sex. We included 323 new cases of tuberculosis with positive results for bacilloscopy. The controls were 323 respiratory symptomatic patients with negative bacilloscopy, from the same health services, such as: ambulatory cases from three referral hospitals and six basic health units responsible for the notifications of new cases of tuberculosis in Salvador, Bahia. Data collection occurred between 2008 and 2010. The instruments used were structured interview, including clinical data, capillary blood glucose (during fasting or postprandial), and the CAGE questionnaire for screening of abusive consumption of alcohol. Descriptive, exploratory, and multivariate analysis was performed using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS:The average age of the cases was 38.5 (SD = 14.2) years and of the controls, 38.5 (SD = 14.3) years. Among cases and controls, most subjects (61%) were male. In univariate analysis we found association between the occurrence of diabetes and tuberculosis (OR = 2.37; 95%CI 1.04-5.42), which remained statistically significant after adjustment for potential confounders (OR = 3.12; 95%CI 1.12-7.94). CONCLUSIONS:The association between diabetes and tuberculosis can hinder the control of tuberculosis, contributing to the maintainance of the disease burden. The situation demands increasing early detection of diabetes among people with tuberculosis, in an attempt to improve disease control strategies.

Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes among Tuberculosis Patients in Kelantan, Malaysia

“…The possible explanation is due to impaired cell mediated immunity in DM patients and poor glycaemic control ( 16 ). This study finding was in agreement with other studies that reported DM as independent factor for unsuccessful TB treatment outcome ( 8 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 26 – 28 ).…”

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“…This may be reflected on the real situation of TB/HIV co-infections in these cities, since the positive results for anti-HIV in TB cases (13.7%) was higher than the results in the country (9.8%) and in the world (12.0%) in the same period (10)(11) . The high incidence of TB/HIV co-infections in the region of the Brazilian south border (12)(13) is different from the results found in a study in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, which identified that being at the border was a protective factor to HIV co-infections (9) .…”

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“…The number of infected people in this disease have increased, in particularly immunocompromised patients. These include those who co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and human who are receiving anti-tumour therapy or diabetes [3][4][5] . Therefore, this critical situation has stimulated scientist to develop and explore new strategies in drug discovery to generate new agents with best performance for human health.…”