Avaliação da capacidade máxima de exercício: uma revisão sobre os protocolos tradicionais e a evolução para modelos individualizados

Abstract

The physiological adjustments to exercise have been extensively investigated. Despite the agreement on the importance of cardiopulmonary exercise testing to assess the maximal oxygen uptake capacity ( O 2max ), expressive differences within the available protocols may compromise the comparison between studies as well as their clinical or functional utilization. The present study analyzed the most frequently used exercise testing protocols to assess the O 2max highlighting their pros and cons. Furthermore, the characteristics of staggered protocols were compared to those of individualized models, generally referred as ramp protocols. 102 studies published between 1955 and 2009 were revised. The available studies suggest that ramp protocols would produce better results compared to more traditional staggered tests. However, there is clearly a lack of recommendations regarding the application of such individualized protocols. Very few studies investigated the influence of the testing variables on the main expected results, as O 2max and metabolic transition thresholds. It is not clear yet which is the best strategy to determine the maximal exercise capacity, the initial speed of the test, increment ratio, interaction between speed and treadmill inclination, and total duration of the protocol. In conclusion, exercise ramp protocols have been elaborated based on the evaluator experience, since precise recommendations that would define a real 'protocol' do not exist. Studies that contribute to the development of formal and precise criteria for exercise testing ramp protocols design are therefore necessary.

A Novel Strategy to Fit and Validate Physiological Models: A Case Study of a Cardiorespiratory Model for Simulation of Incremental Aerobic Exercise

“…Physical exercise is a natural stimulus that generates significant cardiorespiratory variations that cannot be evidenced under resting conditions and constitute a well-defined characteristic pattern in healthy human subjects [15,16]. Several mathematical models of the cardiorespiratory system have been proposed, but few of them can correctly represent the human response to exercise.…”

Correlação e concordância do escore do Frequency – Intensity - Time Index of Kasari com o volume de oxigênio máximo

“…O TAF é constituído por parâmetros de avaliação neuromuscular (flexão de braços, abdominal supra, flexão na barra) e por teste indireto de avaliação da capacidade aeróbia, o teste de Cooper de 12 minutos(6,7). Importante salientar que os familiares do militar são atendidos pela rede conveniada e própria do Exército, sendo mais comumente usados nos ambientes clínicos, protocolos indiretos em ergômetros para estimação da aptidão cardiorrespiratória (8).…”

Exercício E Câncer

“…Dessa forma, a carga de trabalho é intensificada com o aumento da inclinação da esteira em 1% de grau a cada minuto (ou 2,5% de grau a cada 2 minutos), como descrito na Tabela 4. A FC é a variável que sinalizada o momento de interrupção do teste, sendo 180bpm o indicador de parada(MENEGHELO et al, 2010;MONTEIRO;FARINATTI, 2011).…”