Toxigenic potential of Fusarium graminearum isolated from maize of northwest Argentina

Abstract

Twenty six isolates of Fusarium graminearum from grains of maize hybrids harvested in ±west Argentina were grown on autoclaved rice grain to assess their ability to produce type B trichothecenes. Chemical analysis indicated that 38% of isolates were nivalenol (NIV) producers only, 31% were major NIV producers with high DON(deoxynivalenol)/NIV ratios, 8% were major DON producers with minor NIV production, and 23% were DON producers only. Isolates showed a high variability in their toxigenic potential which was not related to fungal biomass. The distribution of the different chemotypes as well as the high and the low trichothecene-producing Fusarium isolates could not be associated to a geographical origin. Our results confirmed for the first time that isolates of Fusarium graminearum from maize of northwest Argentina are able to produce DON and NIV. A substancial contamination with both NIV and DON is likely in maize from northwest Argentina. Their contents should be quantified in regional surveillances for mycotoxin contamination.

Mycotoxigenic potential of fungi isolated from freshly harvested Argentinean blueberries

“…In order to induce the production of deoxinivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), fusarenone X (FUS-X), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON), 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-AcDON), T-2 toxin (T-2), HT-2 toxin (HT-2), and zearalenone (ZEA), rice media was inoculated with 50 μl conidial suspension of F. semitectum and F. graminearum, respectively, and were incubated at 25°C for 3 weeks (Ferreira Geraldo et al 2006, He et al 2007, Sampietro et al 2013. For testing aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ), aflatoxin B 2 (AFB 2 ), aflatoxin G 1 (AFG 1 ), and aflatoxin G 2 (AFG 2 ), rice media was inoculated with 50 μl of the conidial suspension of A. flavus and incubated for 1 week, at 25°C (Resnik et al 1996, Moltó et al 1997.…”