Human rhinovirus infections in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects

Abstract

The role of rhinovirus asymptomatic infections in the transmission among close contacts subjects is unknown. We tested health care workers, a pair of one child and a family member and immunocompromised patients (n =191). HRV were detected on 22.9% symptomatic and 3.6% asymptomatic cases suggesting lower transmission among contacts.

Reliable quantification of rhinovirus species C using real-time PCR

“…Reports of an association between RV-C infection and severe respiratory disease have been mixed as some studies have found an association (Bizzintino et al, 2011;Bochkov et al, 2011;Camargo et al, 2012;Piralla et al, 2009) but others have not (Iwane et al, 2011;Linsuwanon et al, 2009). Similar to other acute viral respiratory tract infections where a correlation exists between viral load and disease severity (DeVincenzo et al, 2010;Li et al, 2010;Roussy et al, 2014;To et al, 2010), it is suspected that RV-C load may also drive disease severity.…”

“…RV has been identified as an important contributor to acute asthma (Bizzintino et al, 2011) and wheezing illness in young children is an important risk factor in the development of asthma later in life (Jackson et al, 2008). Further, RV exacerbates pre-existing airway diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Camargo et al, 2012;Kennedy et al, 2014;Luchsinger et al, 2014).…”

Detection of respiratory viruses in gargle specimens of healthy children

“…However, most studies were conducted with symptomatic patients. Few studies have investigated the existence of the viruses in children without any respiratory symptoms [17,18]. One study reported that, after the onset of symptomatic respiratory infection, rhinovirus RNA may take a long time (5-6 weeks) to disappear from nasal mucus [19].…”

Asymptomatic coronavirus infection: MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

“…A study of human rhinovirus showed that asymptomatic infection was four times as common as symptomatic infection [2] and another study showed that the rate of rhinovirus infection among a pair of asymptomatic parents of a rhinovirus symptomatic child was one of 36 (2.8%) with an overall positivity of 23.5% among symptomatic subjects and 3.6% of asymptomatic subjects [3]. Asymptomatic carriage of influenza virus was estimated to be 5.2%-35.5% [4] Based on serology, the positivity rate was 13% in asymptomatic SARS 4% in those with mild symptoms, and 82% in those with severe disease [5].…”