Mycoplasma synoviae infection on Newcastle disease vaccination of chickens

Abstract

Newcastle disease is characterized by respiratory manifestations in association with nervous and/or digestive symptoms. Its prevention is done by vaccination with live attenuated (lentogenic strains) and/or killed vaccines. The lentogenic strains can lead to strong post-vaccination reaction, principally due to the presence of other pathogenic agents. Among them, Mycoplasma synoviae is worldwide important, mainly in Brazil. The dissemination of this agent in poultry flocks has been achieved due to difficulties in diagnosis and disease reproduction, virulence variations among different M.synoviae strains, and attribution of typical M.synoviae disease manifestation to other disease agents. This experimental study in SPF chicks (Gallus gallus), previously infected by M.synoviae and thereafter vaccinated against Newcastle disease, was done with the objective of evaluating M.synoviae pathogenicity through assessment of post-vaccinal respiratory reactions and serologic responses to Newcastle disease virus vaccine in the absence of environmental factors. A total of 86 three days old chicks were used, being 57 infected by eye and nostril drop, with chicken activated M. synoviae strain WVU 1853. Seven days later, 21 mycoplasma infected birds plus 29 not mycoplasma infected ones were vaccinated against Newcastle disease. As results, the not infected and vaccinated birds yielded, significantly, higher and longer lasting serologic responses to Newcastle disease vaccine virus than those infected and vaccinated. Similarly, the infected and vaccinated birds yielded lower serologic reactions to M.synoviae than those only mycoplasma infected. No post-vaccinal respiratory reaction was observed in the vaccinated birds.

Respiratory Mycoplasma Infection in Chickens in Nsukka Agro-Ecological Zone, Enugu State, Nigeria

“…This was done according to the procedure described by Silva et al, (2008). Twenty-four dayold cockerel chicks were used for this experiment.…”

“…Avian mycoplasmosis remains one of the major health problems affecting poultry species and limiting their productivity (Thu et al, 2003). The disease is associated with significant economic loses (Ahmad, 2008;Silva et al, 2008) in terms of reduced weight gain and egg production and increased embryo mortality (Bradbury, 2001;Thu et al, 2003;OIE, 2007). Avian mycoplasmosis is caused by four commonly recognised pathogens namely: Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma meleagridis and Mycoplasma iowae (Bradbury, 2001;Thu et al, 2003;Bradbury, 2005;Hossain et al, 2007;OIE, 2007;Buim et al, 2009).…”

Impact of single and mixed infections with Escherichia coli and Mycoplasma gallisepticum on Newcastle disease virus vaccine performance in broiler chickens: an in vivo perspective

“…The bacterial infections extensively affect B and T cells development which may lead to drastic chicken immune system impairment. This will in turn lead to the down regulation of the postvaccinal immune response and consequently result in the development of a limited postvaccination protection (Amer et al 1993;de C assia Figueira Silva et al 2008;Sun et al 2015).…”

“…This was evidenced by the lower detectable haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and IgG antibody titres (Hassanin et al 2014) and the delayed initiation of cytokine response (Sun et al 2015) under the impact of APEC infection. Moreover, lower serological responses to NDV vaccine were recorded in previously Mycoplasma synoviae-infected chicks in Brazil (de C assia Figueira Silva et al 2008), but more greater depth to the knowledge base about chicken immune response to MG infection is required. Moreover, there is a lack of information about the immune response to mixed MG and APEC infections in chickens vaccinated with NDV vaccine in Egypt.…”

Detecção do vírus da Influenza Aviária, Paramyxovirus tipo 1 (vírus da Doença de Newcastle), Mycoplasma gallisepticum e Mycoplasma synoviae em aves silvestres e domésticas próximas às granjas avícolas comerciais nas regiões de Mogi das Cruzes e Louveira do Estado de São Paulo

“…Estes resultados demonstraram que a ocorrência de Mg e Ms nas aves estudadas, com predomínio de M. synoviae, se destaca entre as criações de subsistência e concordam como os resultados encontrados por Buim, et al (2009) (SILVA et al, 2008, ISLAM et al, 2011. Além disso, Ms pode apresentar diferenças genotípicas pelas mutações espontâneas que podem acontecer quando a linhagem de aves permanece no mesmo plantel por longos períodos (BUIM et al, 2010).…”