Ligninolytic enzymes production and Remazol brilliant blue R decolorization by tropical brazilian basidiomycetes fungi

Abstract

Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) dye was used as substrate to evaluate ligninolytic activity in 125 basidiomycetous fungi isolated from tropical ecosystems. The extracellular RBBR decolorizing activity produced when selected fungi were grown in solid media and in soil contaminated with organochlorines was also evaluated. A total of 106 fungi decolorized the RBBR during the growth in malt extract agar (MEA, 2%); 96 fungi showed a mycelia growth and decolorization activity stronger than the P. chrysosporium used as reference. Extracellular extracts of 35 selected fungi grown on solid medium with sugar cane bagasse (BGS) were evaluated for RBBR decolorization and peroxidase activity. All fungi showed peroxidase activities, but 5 of those were unable to decolorize the RBBR. Different patterns of ligninolytic enzymes were detected in 12 fungi extracts. Mn-dependent peroxidase (MnP) was produced by Peniophora cinerea, Psilocybe castanella, three strains of Trametes villosa, T. versicolor, Melanoporia nigra and Trichaptum byssogenum. All 12 fungi had laccase activity. Trogia buccinalis showed the highest RBBR decolorization and did not produce MnP activity. RBBR decolorization without MnP production was also observed for three strains of Lentinum tested. Higher levels of peroxidase and laccase cannot be related to high RBBR decolorization. RBBR decolorization by extracellular extract was also detected during the growth of P. castanella, L. crinitus, P. cinerea and two strains of T. Villosa in pentachlorophenol-and hexachlorobenzene-contaminated soils. These fungi showed higher RBBR decolorization when grown in the presence of organochlorine compounds than when in non contaminated soil.

Physiological Characterization of Fungal Inoculum for Biotechnological Remediation of Soils

“…The results suggested the relevance of the enzymatic levels, especially for the peroxidases present in the inoculum soon after its inoculation in the soil on the quality of the inoculum to be employed. The capacity of basidiomycetes to degrade chlorophenols, including pentachlorophenol as already reported in literature (Okeke et al 1997;Ullah et al 2000;Seradati et al 2003;Machado et al 2005a;Soares et al 2011) was proved here. There are difficulties to use the concentrations above 200 mg kg -1 pentachlorophenol, given the basidiomycetes' sensibility to the pollutant (Leontievsky et al 2001;Ahn et al 2002;Walter et al 2004).…”

“…1.10.3.2) (Papinutti et al 2003;Wesenberg et al 2003;Rabinovich et al 2004;Kulikova et al 2011), Basidiomycetes species from the genus Lentinus have been assessed because of their capacity of degrading recalcitrant compounds such as polyaromatic hydrocarbides (Valentín et al 2006;Covino et al 2010), polychlorinated byphenils (Ruiz-Aguilar et al 2002). L. crinitus CCIBt2611 presented the capacity of mineralizing hexachlorobenzene and pentachlorophenol, as well as reactive textile dyers (Matheus et al 2000;Matheus et al 2003;Machado et al 2005a;Moreira Neto et al 2009). Therefore, such fungus has been assessed in bioremediation processes for decontamination of soils containing organochlorine compounds (Matheus et al 2003).…”

Lignolytic enzymes produced by Trametes villosa ccb176 under different culture conditions

“…Trametes villosa is a strain with a proven biotechnological potential, which are able to mineralize pentachlorophenol and hexachlorobenzene in soil and to degrade reactive synthetic dyes (16)(17)(18)(19). However, little is known about the physiology of these fungi.…”

Effect of basidiomycete fungi on the discoloration and phytotoxicity of synthetic dye and textile effluent

“…The discoloration activity of the RBBR dye is an indicative method of a multienzyme system and may become a useful tool when used in biodegradation studies of xenobiotics, as well as indicate the physiological conditions of the basidiomycete fungus during the bioremediation process [10].…”