Production of fumonisins by strains of Fusarium moniliforme according to temperature, moisture and growth period

Abstract

Production of fumonisins B1 (FB1) and B2 (FB2) by two Brasilian strains (LAMIC 2999/96 and 113F) and one American strain (NRRL 13616) of Fusarium moniliforme were evaluated in laboratory cultures subjected to different temperatures (20, 25, and 30ºC), and moisture contents (25, 34, and 42%) on corn substrate. The cultures were grown during 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 days, totalizing 135 treatments with two repetitions for each one. The fumonisins were extracted with acetonitrile/water. The clean-up with end-capped C18 silica (C18ec) cartridges and fumonisin derivatization with o-phtaldialdeyde were carried out through an automated sample processor system (ASPEC), followed by quantification of the toxins through HPLC. Fumonisin production varied widely, reaching average yields from 0.25 to 5515.45 µg/g of FB1 and from 0.15 to 3032.10 µg/g of FB2. In the present work, the factors strain, temperature, moisture and days of fungal culture were evaluated, and all of them had a bearing on the amounts of fumonisins produced. The highest FB1 average yields were obtained by the strain 113F, under the following conditions: 34% moisture content, 60 culture days, and temperature of 25ºC. The highest FB2 average yield was obtained by the same strain with cultures over 45 days, 42% moisture content, at the temperature of 25ºC. Via regression analysis, the ideal temperature for fumonisins production was, calculated as 24.5 and 24.3ºC (± 2ºC) for FB1 and FB2, respectively.

Production of aflatoxins by Aspergillus flavus and of fumonisins by Fusarium species isolated from Brazilian sorghum

“…The higher production of FB1, when compared to FB2, has also been reported (4,8,9), with FB1 accounting for 70% of all fumonisins both in culture and in naturally contaminated corn. FB2 and FB3 concentrations detected in foods or produced in culture by F. verticillioides strains are approximately 15 to 25% of the produced FB1.…”

Effects of fumonisin B1 on selected biological responses and performance of broiler chickens

“…To reach the desired FB contamination in the feed (0, 100, or 200mg/kg of feed), a Fusarium verticilloides (strain MRC 826) culture material (FCM) containing 5,715mg of FB 1 /kg was incorporated into the diet. This FCM was obtained according to a procedure previously described (Dilkin et al 2002). The diet also contained a certain amount of Fumonisin B 2 (0, 20, and 40mg/kg of each feed), considered to be a less toxic metabolite of F. verticilloides (Kubena et al, 1995).…”

Untitled

“…The fungal growth is sensitive to the minimum temperature for the growth of this, so not necessarily in the minimum and maximum temperature there will be toxin production. The ideal temperature for FUMO production was calculated by means of regression analysis, being 24.5 °C and 24.3 °C (± 2 °C) for FUMO B1 and FUMO B2, respectively [16].…”