Relação entre biofilme, atividade de cárie e gengivite em crianças HIV+

Abstract

The utilization of medicines to treat HIV-infected children has been promoting a decrease in the prevalence of soft-tissue oral lesions, as years pass by. In contrast, it has been observed that the experience of caries and gingivitis is constant in this population, mostly because of the chronic influence of some factors involved in the HIV-infection process, such as the chronic utilization of sweetened liquid medicines and carbohydrate-enriched diet, as well as frequent episodes of hospitalization. So, the purpose of this study was to evaluate if the quality and quantity of biofilm are important factors in the activity of dental caries and gingivitis, also in this special group. After examination of the biofilm (biofilm index - Ribeiro23, 2000), the activity of caries and gingivitis was assessed in 56 children, aging from 0 to 14 years, who were patients with definitive diagnosis of HIV infection. It was observed that only 7 subjects (12.5%) did not present with clinically visible biofilm, and 33 (58.9%) presented with gingivitis, with the average of 4.44 bleeding sites. As to dental caries, 73.2% of the patients presented with active carious lesions. A strong correlation was verified between Biofilm Index, gingival status and active carious lesions (Spearman's correlation test, r s = +0.57 and r s = +0.49, respectively). It was concluded that, also in HIV-infected children, the quality and quantity of biofilm over the dental surfaces are important etiologic factors related to the activity of caries and gingivitis. Biofilm should, thus, be controlled in order to reestablish the oral health of HIV-infected children.

Comparative evaluation of 0.2% Chlorhexidine Mouthwash, Xylitol Chewing Gum, and Combination of 0.2% Chlorhexidine Mouthwash and Xylitol Chewing Gum on Salivary Streptococcus mutans and Biofilm Levels in 8- to 12-Year-Old Children

“…These children were also examined in order to investigate the amount of visible biofilm on the tooth surface. This procedure followed the criteria established by Ribeiro and Souza, 17 as can be seen in Table 1. The biofilm scoring was done based on the criteria given in the table using a sterile gauze piece.…”

Oral manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus infected children in highly active antiretroviral therapy era

“…The oral health status of HIV‐infected children has been investigated in many studies, showing that the increase in dental caries is associated with a reduction in salivary antibodies (92, 93), reduction of salivary flow rate (92, 94), continuous medicinal use of sucrose, and a diet rich in carbohydrates for caloric protein replacement (92). Beyond these specific factors, other traditional variables have been observed, such as deficient oral hygiene and parental irresponsibility (92).…”

Caries Risk Assessment by CAMBRA in Children Attending a Basic Health Unit

“…Biofilm was classified as fine when it could only be identified after drying the tooth surface, while thick biofilm was that easily observed, firmly attached to the tooth surface [14].…”