Histopathological Alterations in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Gills Caused by Thiamethoxam

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Histological Alterations in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) Gills as Potential Biomarkers for Fungicide Contamination

“…The present study found aneurysms, which actually were not observed in the common carp gills when it was exposed to thiamethoxam. This result indicated that the test fungicide was more toxic to the fish compared to the insecticide as reported previously (Georgieva et al 2014). The study not only focused on the histological alterations in the gill structure but also provided the degree of expression of each histological change, which was caused by the fungicide in order to establish more precisely the degree of its toxic effects.…”

“…The most severe changes in the blood circulatory systemaneurysms, were more pronounced compared to the other tested fungicide concentrations (Table 1, Fig. 1) as reported earlier by (Georgieva et al 2014), the present study showed proliferative and degenerative changes in the fish gill structure. However, in the present study a fungicide was used at different concentrations, but not an insecticide.…”

“…The degenerative changes in this study were much more pronounced compared with the ones caused by thiamethoxam in our previous one (see Georgieva et al 2014). These suggested the presence of intensive processes of epithelial cells differentiation, as well as cell death, resulting from the high pesticide toxicity.…”

Morpho-Functional Alterations in the Gills of a Seawater Teleost, the Ornate Wrasse (Thalassoma pavo L.), after Short-Term Exposure to Chlorpyrifos

“…In fact, after exposure to the low-tested concentration, the more frequently detected alteration is an intense proliferation of primary epithelium. A similar response has been observed in several teleost species after exposure to a wide variety of pollutants, including organophosphorus compounds (OPs) [37,[40][41][42][43][44], thus suggesting the conservative nature of this trait. In fact, the increase in epithelial thickness allows the gills to mechanically prevent the uptake of unwanted substances.…”

“…Each slide has been observed at different magnifications (20×, 40×, 100×) to unveil any alterations. The degree and extent of alterations were assessed using the appropriately modified grading system of Georgieva and colleagues [ 40 ]. The grading system was: (−) no histological alterations; (+/−)-mild histopathological alterations; (+) moderate histopathological alterations; (++) severe histopathological alterations; (+++) very severe histopathological alterations of the gill surface architecture.…”