Antimicrobial effect of Anacardium Occidentale extract and cosmetic formulation development

Gonçalves, Gisele Mara Silva; Gobbo, Juliana

doi:10.1590/s1516-89132012000600006

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Studies have described the antimicrobial activity of different parts of A. occidentale, such as the fruits [3] [10]- [15], stem bark [16]- [25], leaves [16]- [29] and gum [30] [31], but there are no reports of similar activity in the flowers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. Flowers in Comparison to Bark and Leaves Extracts

Silva¹,

Libério²,

Amaral³

et al. 2016

JBM

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Anacardium occidentale L., Anacardiaceae, is frequently used to treat infections. We evaluated the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of extracts obtained from aerial parts of the plant in comparison with the extract prepared with the flowers. Ethanol extracts of the leaves (EEL), stem bark (EEB), and flowers (EEF) were prepared separately. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by agar diffusion and broth dilution methods. The minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations were determined against: Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella choleraesuis, Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated based on their scavenger capacity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyle. The phytochemical profile was analyzed by colorimetric methods and by HPLC with UV detection. All extracts exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Although, the EEF was the most effective since it inhibited the growth of all 14 microorganisms tested. Anacardic and galic acids were identified in all extracts as well phenolic compounds, triterpenes, flavones and xanthones. In conclusion, the extracts obtained from the aerial parts of A. occidentale, mainly the extract of flowers that was the most effective, are rich in bioactive metabolites that exert a potent antioxidant and antimicrobial effect. Taken together, the results indicate an important biotechnological potential of A. occidentale as a * Corresponding author. R. A. da Silva et al. 88source of compounds with broad-spectrum antimicrobial and of antioxidant activity to be used in the food and cosmetics industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. Flowers in Comparison to Bark and Leaves Extracts

Silva¹,

Libério²,

Amaral³

et al. 2016

JBM

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“…The antimicrobial activity of leaves, bark, fruit, flowers and stem exudate of Anacardium occidentale is well described in the literature (Himejima & Kubo 1991; Akinpelu 2001; Campos et al 2012; Gonçalves & Gobbo, 2012; Silva et al 2016), which was reviewed recently by Baptista et al (2018). Barbosa‐Filho et al (2015) reported the only other results known to us from wild populations in a study of a cerrado form interpreted by us as A. occidentale (see Introduction, reported by these authors as A. microcarpum ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Potential antioxidant and antibacterial bioactivity of leaf and stem bark extracts in wild cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) populations from coastal Piauí, northeastern Brazil

Ribeiro

Neto²,

Araújo

et al. 2021

Feddes Repertorium

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Wild cashew Anacardium occidentale L., used locally for food and medicinals, occurs in coastal restinga vegetation in northeastern Brazil. Leaf and bark hydroethanolic extracts from four populations in Piauí state were studied for secondary metabolites, estimation of total phenolics and flavonoids (UV‐Vis spectrophotometry), identification of the selected phenolic compound gallic acid (HPLC), antioxidant (DPPH) assays and estimates of antibacterial activity (agar diffusion, MIC, MBC). Results varied between populations and between leaf and bark. Alkaloids, flavonoids, organic acids, phenolics, reducing sugars, saponins and triterpenoids were observed. Total phenolics and flavonoids levels exceeded those of domesticated cashew (phenolics mg GAE g‐1: leaves 235.6–521.6, bark 430.5–546.3; flavonoids mg QE g‐1: leaves 22.1–30.8, bark 22.3–27.1). Presence of gallic acid was confirmed. Antioxidant IC50 values (DPPH inhibition) ranged from 45.81 to 88.53 µg/mL. Gram‐positive bacterial growth was inhibited (MIC 62.5–250 [‐500] µg/mL in Staphylococcus aureus [sensitive and MRSA strains], S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus; MIC 500–2000 µg/mL in Streptococcus mutans). Bactericidal activity was observed in two populations (MBC 500–1000 µg/mL). The results corroborate studies of cerrado forms indicating that wild populations are richer in bioactive compounds than domesticated forms and highlight the need to conserve their habitats.

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“…Gram-negative bacteria have a wall composed of several layers of peptidioglicanas, which differ in their chemical composition and consequently more complex than the wall of Gram-positives; although thicker ones show predominantly only one type of macro molecule. This shows the Gram-positive bacteria are more sensitive than the Gram-negative bacteria (Gonçalves and Gobbo, 2012). Considering the wealth of constituents present in plants, the positive antibacterial activity of the extract of cashew stem peels can be due to the presence of compounds such as tannins and alkaloids previously found in the plant, which possibly has a higher concentration compared to the leaves.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Antibacterial evaluation of Anacardium occidentale (Linn) (Anacardiaceae) in semiarid Brazil

Francianne¹,

Eliss²,

lico³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Microorganisms that cause losses are proving to be resistant to most known antibiotics, thereby encouraging the search for naturally occurring antibiotics. This study aimed to perform a phytochemical and bacterial study of ethanolic extracts of leaves and barks of Anacardium occidentale L. The samples were submitted for extraction using ethyl alcohol; the crude extract was used to perform phytochemical evaluation based on the identification of chemical constituents and to evaluate the antibacterial activity. The results of prospective chemical indicate the presence of tannins, phenols, alkaloids and catechins in the leaves and stem bark and compounds belonging to classes of flavonoids were found only in the leaves. Tests using the agar diffusion method for later determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) revealed that both parts of the plant have antibacterial activity, but the shell showed the largest zones of inhibition in most of the concentrations and strains. The MIC ranged from 512 to ≥ 1024 μg/ml, for the two parts of this species. The results indicate the need for further studies because this plant demonstrated considerable antibacterial therapeutic potential.

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Antimicrobial effect of Anacardium Occidentale extract and cosmetic formulation development

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. Flowers in Comparison to Bark and Leaves Extracts

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. Flowers in Comparison to Bark and Leaves Extracts

Potential antioxidant and antibacterial bioactivity of leaf and stem bark extracts in wild cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) populations from coastal Piauí, northeastern Brazil

Antibacterial evaluation of Anacardium occidentale (Linn) (Anacardiaceae) in semiarid Brazil

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Antimicrobial effect of Anacardium Occidentale extract and cosmetic formulation development

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of &lt;i&gt;Anacardium occidentale&lt;/i&gt; L. Flowers in Comparison to Bark and Leaves Extracts

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of &lt;i&gt;Anacardium occidentale&lt;/i&gt; L. Flowers in Comparison to Bark and Leaves Extracts

Potential antioxidant and antibacterial bioactivity of leaf and stem bark extracts in wild cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) populations from coastal Piauí, northeastern Brazil

Antibacterial evaluation of Anacardium occidentale (Linn) (Anacardiaceae) in semiarid Brazil

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Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. Flowers in Comparison to Bark and Leaves Extracts

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L. Flowers in Comparison to Bark and Leaves Extracts