In vitro inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion by Xylitol

Sousa, Letícia Pinheiro de; Silva, Annelisa Farah da; Calil, Natalia Oliveira; Oliveira, Murilo Gomes; Silva, Sílvio Silvério da; Raposo, Nádia Rezende Barbosa

doi:10.1590/s1516-89132011000500004

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Still in the field of new CVC coatings, a combination of xylitol, triclosan, and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) has been proposed . Xylitol is a polyalcohol with in vitro antiadhesive effects against some microorganisms, − while PHMB interacts with membrane phospholipids and modifies its integrity in Gram-negative bacteria. This formulation revealed in vitro antimicrobial activity against C. albicans , K. pneumoniae , S. aureus , P. aeruginosa , and E. coli and a significant reduction in bacterial adherence.…”

Section: Release-based Antimicrobial Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 80%

A Glance at Antimicrobial Strategies to Prevent Catheter-Associated Medical Infections

et al. 2020

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Urinary and intravascular catheters are two of the most used invasive medical devices; however, microbial colonization of catheter surfaces is responsible for most healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Several antimicrobial-coated catheters are available, but recurrent antibiotic therapy can decrease their potential activity against resistant bacterial strains. The aim of this Review is to question the actual effectiveness of currently used (coated) catheters and describe the progress and promise of alternative antimicrobial coatings. Different strategies have been reviewed with the common goal of preventing biofilm formation on catheters, including release-based approaches using antibiotics, antiseptics, nitric oxide, 5-fluorouracil, and silver as well as contact-killing approaches employing quaternary ammonium compounds, chitosan, antimicrobial peptides, and enzymes. All of these strategies have given proof of antimicrobial efficacy by modifying the physiology of pathogens or disrupting their structural integrity. The aim for synergistic approaches using multitarget processes and the combination of both antifouling and bactericidal properties holds potential for the near future. Despite intensive research in biofilm preventive strategies, laboratorial studies still present some limitations since experimental conditions usually are not the same and also differ from biological conditions encountered when the catheter is inserted in the human body. Consequently, in most cases, the efficacy data obtained from in vitro studies is not properly reflected in the clinical setting. Thus, further well-designed clinical trials and additional cytotoxicity studies are needed to prove the efficacy and safety of the developed antimicrobial strategies in the prevention of biofilm formation at catheter surfaces.

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Section: Release-based Antimicrobial Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 80%

A Glance at Antimicrobial Strategies to Prevent Catheter-Associated Medical Infections

et al. 2020

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“…However, the pattern was the same even at higher concentrations 28 . Multiple mechanisms are responsible for antimicrobial activity of Xlt‐like suppression and the bacterial adherence and manipulation of exopolysaccharides metabolism against P. aeruginosa strains (ATCC 9027 and clinical isolates) and Streptococcus mutans 29,30 . Even in the pilot study, mouthwash suppressed the Streptococcus mutans growth and maintaining oral hygiene due to cumulative activity of sea salt, Xlt, and lysozyme 31 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Fluorescent xylitol carbon dots: A potent antimicrobial agent and drug carrier

Ahuja

Banerjee

Roy

et al. 2021

Biotech and App Biochem

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Biomolecular carbon dots (CDs) have immense potential for various industries due to exceptional bioactivity, biocompatibility, low toxicity, and biodegradability. In the present work xylitol (Xlt), a natural sweetener produced by microbial fermentation of sugarcane bagasse (71.98% conversion) has been used for CDs preparation by microwave-assisted carbonization in the presence of ethylene diamine (EDA). The resultant xylitol carbon dots (XCDs) were irregular shaped, rough with an average size of 8.88 nm and exhibiting fluorescence between 400 and 450 nm. The presence of EDA preserves the native chemical structure of Xlt even after exposure to microwaves. Purified XCDs were conjugated (AM-XCD) with ketoconazole and tetracycline for fungi and bacteria, respectively. In comparison to Xlt, XCDs have higher inhibitory potential and reduced dosage size of antimicrobials against Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Escherichia coli by 75%, 75%, 87.50%, and 50%, respectively. For Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhi also inhibitory potential was increased by 14.68% and 21.38%. Increased efficacy advocated the improved drug delivery in the presence of XCDs. However, no inhibitory effect was recorded against DU145 (human prostate cancer) and HCT-15 (human colon adenocarcinoma) cell lines. The findings of the current work suggested the possible use of Xlt as an important antimicrobial agent besides an efficient drug carrier in healthcare.

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“…3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavanone reduced adhesion of P. aeruginosa by 19%, 38%, and 35% at 200 µg, 100 µg, and 50 µg final mass, respectively ( Table 3 ). This is an important result because adhesion to host tissue is an important step in bacterial survival and colonization [ 47 ]. The flavonoid induced no cytotoxic effects in Vero cell culture assay after 48 h ( Table 3 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Properties of Flavonoids from Kino of the Eucalypt Tree, Corymbia torelliana

Nobakht¹,

Trueman²,

Wallace³

et al. 2017

Plants

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Traditional medicine and ecological cues can both help to reveal bioactive natural compounds. Indigenous Australians have long used kino from trunks of the eucalypt tree, Corymbia citriodora, in traditional medicine. A closely related eucalypt, C. torelliana, produces a fruit resin with antimicrobial properties that is highly attractive to stingless bees. We tested the antimicrobial activity of extracts from kino of C. citriodora, C. torelliana × C. citriodora, and C. torelliana against three Gram-negative and two Gram-positive bacteria and the unicellular fungus, Candida albicans. All extracts were active against all microbes, with the highest activity observed against P. aeruginosa. We tested the activity of seven flavonoids from the kino of C. torelliana against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. All flavonoids were active against P. aeruginosa, and one compound, (+)-(2S)-4′,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methylflavanone, was active against S. aureus. Another compound, 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone, greatly increased biofilm formation by both P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. The presence or absence of methyl groups at positions 6 and 8 in the flavonoid A ring determined their anti-Staphylococcus and biofilm-stimulating activity. One of the most abundant and active compounds, 3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavanone, was tested further against P. aeruginosa and was found to be bacteriostatic at its minimum inhibitory concentration of 200 µg/mL. This flavanonol reduced adhesion of P. aeruginosa cells while inducing no cytotoxic effects in Vero cells. This study demonstrated the antimicrobial properties of flavonoids in eucalypt kino and highlighted that traditional medicinal knowledge and ecological cues can reveal valuable natural compounds.

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In vitro inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion by Xylitol

Abstract: This study evaluated, in vitro, the antimicrobial activity and the anti-adherent property of xylitol (0.5, 2.5 and 5.0%, w/v)

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

A Glance at Antimicrobial Strategies to Prevent Catheter-Associated Medical Infections

A Glance at Antimicrobial Strategies to Prevent Catheter-Associated Medical Infections

Fluorescent xylitol carbon dots: A potent antimicrobial agent and drug carrier

Antibacterial Properties of Flavonoids from Kino of the Eucalypt Tree, Corymbia torelliana

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