Pore Size Distribution in Chicken Eggs as Determined by Mercury Porosimetry

Scala, Newton La; Boleli, Isabel Cristina; Ribeiro, LT; Freitas, Daniel Dantas; Macari, Marcos

doi:10.1590/s1516-635x2000000200007

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Two-dimensional (2D) X-ray diffraction makes data collection more rapid and reliable but may still provide limited information and require a focus on individual microstructural parameters ( Rodriguez-Navarro, 2007 ). Quantification of mammillary body parameters has been achieved by these methods ( Panheleux et al , 1999 ; Ahmed et al , 2005 ; Rodriguez-Navarro, 2007 ), whereas pore size and density have been measured using scanning electron microscopy or mercury porosimetry ( Williams et al , 1984 ; La Scala Jnr. et al , 2000 ; Donaire and López-Martínez, 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantification of eggshell microstructure using X-ray micro computed tomography

Riley

Sturrock

Mooney

et al. 2014

British Poultry Science

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1. X-ray microcomputed tomography can be used to produce rapid, fully analysable, three-dimensional images of biological and other materials without the need for complex or tedious sample preparation and sectioning. We describe the use of this technique to visualise and analyse the microstructure of fragments of shell taken from three regions of chicken eggs (sharp pole, blunt pole and equatorial region).2. Two- and three-dimensional images and data were obtained at a resolution of 1.5 microns. The images were analysed to provide measurements of shell thickness, the spacial density of mammillary bodies, the frequency, shape, volume and effective diameter of individual pore spaces, and the intrinsic sponginess (proportion of non-X-ray dense material formed by vesicles) of the shell matrix. Measurements of these parameters were comparable with those derived by traditional methods and reported in the literature.3. The advantages of using this technology for the quantification of eggshell microstructural parameters and its potential application for commercial, research and other purposes are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also limited to observation in 2-D unless many successive serial sections are collected. Mercury porosimetry provides a more accurate description of pore size distribution and pore volumes but gives no information on pore shape ( La Scala Jnr. et al , 2000 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of eggshell microstructure using X-ray micro computed tomography

Riley

Sturrock

Mooney

et al. 2014

British Poultry Science

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“…The reason for better embryonic survival and hatchability in NEU could not be because of too much loss of water and CO 2 in BEU‐oriented eggs in storage. Though, there are between 10,000 and 20,000 pores in eggshells of chickens (Baxter‐Jones, 1994), with pore sizes of 1–10 µm (La Scala et al, 2000). And the pores at the broad end outnumber those at the equatorial and narrow areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of egg storage length and orientation on hatching traits and spread of hatch in Transylvanian naked neck chickens

Abioja

Ojoawo

Akinjute

et al. 2022

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Effects of egg storage length and orientation on hatching traits and spread of hatch were determined in Transylvanian naked neck chickens. Eggs (n = 640) stored in a cold room (16 ± 1.5°C, 75 ± 1.5% RH) in batches of 160 eggs each, for 1, 3, 5 or 7 days were used.Half of each batch was stored with a broad end up (BEU) and the other in a narrow end up (NEU). Eggs were incubated in a two-stage incubator (37.5°C, 64% RH). Storage length caused a significant increase in egg weight loss (EWL; p < 0.001). Egg fertility (FERT) was significantly lower in 7 days than in 1, 3 and 5 days stored eggs (p < 0001). Dead in shell (DIS) was lower (p < 0.001) in 1-day storage than in other lengths (p < 0.001). Hatchability of total (HSE) and fertile eggs (HFE) decreased (p > 0.001) gradually from 1 to 7 days, though 3 and 5 days were found to be similar. Hatching commenced earlier (p = 0.055) in 5 days than 1-day storage. Incubation time at 100% hatch, hatch window and spread of hatch were not (p > 0.05) affected by storage length. At the end of the hatch, longer storage than 1 day caused 45, 45 and 15 min/day delay in hatching for 3, 5 and 7 days storage respectively. The chicks from 3 days storage (17.3 cm) were longer (p = 0.05) than those from 5 (17.1 cm) and 7 days groups (17.1 cm). Higher DIG and DIS but lower HSE and HFE (p < 0.05) were recorded in BEU than in NEU orientation. Earlier commencement of hatch (CH) was recorded in BEU than in NEU eggs. There were significant (p < 0.05) interactions between storage length and orientation in FERT, DIG, HSE, HFE, CH and hatch windows. To achieve HFE up to 70%, eggs could be stored for up to 7 days in NUE orientation but should not exceed 3 days in BEU orientation.

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“…The possibility that variation in pore numbers or pore diameter could be correlated with bacterial penetration has also been examined. The numbers of pores is relatively easy to quantify (Tyler and Fowler, 1978) but methods to examine pore diameter using EM are more complicated, although methods to simplify quantification and select against particularly large pores have been suggested (La Scala Jr et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding strategies to improve the egg's natural defence

Dunn

2004

World's Poultry Science Journal

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The risk posed by food borne pathogens in eggs has taken on a high priority for government and consumer. In Europe there has been concern that plans to move from battery cages may increase the risk from eggs. For this reason there is some pressure to demonstrate progress in reducing risk from eggs. At the level of the egg the approach has been to improve resistance of the eggshell to breakage using selection for quasi-static compression or specific gravity. The review will consider phenotypic measurement and developments in genetics and genomics that can place new tools in the hands of poultry breeders, should they want to use them. New phenotypic measurements that better describe the physical and antibacterial properties of the egg and eggshell need to be developed which accurately measure the egg's natural defence characteristics to complement the developments in chicken genomics. Acoustic resonance analysis to measure the stiffness of the eggshell and ultra-structural measurements using electron microscopy in pedigree populations are methods which have been examined. Also organic matrix measurements, antimicrobial properties and bacterial penetration measurements that have only been of academic interest may be used in test populations. Genetics and genomics can be used with these phenotypic measurements to identify genetic markers that can be used in selection programmes, rather than the measurements themselves, using whole genome scans for quantitative trait loci and association analysis with candidate genes. The availability of the chicken genome sequence and EST resources has made carrying out these analyses easier in pedigree breeding flocks. The relative power of SNPs and haplotype as genetic markers for association tests. Pharmacogenomics 2: 11-24. BAIN, M.M. (1992) eggshell strength -a relationship between the mechanism of failure and the ultrastructural organization of the mammillary layer. Use of luminescent strains of Salmonella enteritidis to monitor contamination and survival in eggs. Journal of Food Protection S59: 915-921.

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Pore Size Distribution in Chicken Eggs as Determined by Mercury Porosimetry

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Quantification of eggshell microstructure using X-ray micro computed tomography

Quantification of eggshell microstructure using X-ray micro computed tomography

Influence of egg storage length and orientation on hatching traits and spread of hatch in Transylvanian naked neck chickens

Breeding strategies to improve the egg's natural defence

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