A clinical study comparing manic and mixed episodes in patients with bipolar disorder

Schwartzmann, Angela Maria; Amaral, José Antônio; Issler, Cilly Klüger; Caetano, Sheila C.; Tamada, Renata Sayuri; Almeida, Karla Mathias de; Soares, Marcia Brito de Macedo; Dias, Rodrigo da Silva; Rocca, Cristiana Castanho de Almeida; Lafer, Beny

doi:10.1590/s1516-44462006005000036

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The possible range of scores is 0 to 63, with scores higher than 19 indicating at least a moderate depressive episode. 62 3) Beck Hopelessness Scale: evaluates the degree of hopelessness over the past week. The possible range of scores is 0 to 20, and scores equal to, or higher than, 9 indicated significant hopelessness.…”

Section: Suicide Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…48,57 In a cross-sectional study comparing patients in manic and mixed states, Scharzmann et al found no differences in the number of suicide attempts during episodes between the two groups. 62 Mixed states are also associated with suicide attempts. Dilsaver et al found in a cross-sectional study that patients with depressive mania had higher rates of suicidality when compared to patients with pure mania.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder type I: an update for the clinician

Abreu

Lafer

Baca‐García

et al. 2009

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Section: Suicide Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder type I: an update for the clinician

Abreu

Lafer

Baca‐García

et al. 2009

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…Os autores Rocca e Lafer (2006) e Singer e Brabender (1993) trouxeram resultados simila-res sobre pacientes bipolares estudados. Outros estudos também apresentaram tais aspectos com inclusa preocupação com o processo de cronicidade dos deslizes cognitivos (Akiskal et al, 2000;Kapczinski, Frey, & Zannatto, 2003;Schwartzmann et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Cognição, afeto e relacionamento interpessoal de mulheres com transtorno afetivo bipolar

Hisatugo¹,

Yázigi²,

Porto³

2009

Psicol. Reflex. Crit.

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Compreensivo. O objetivo foi analisar os aspectos afetivos, cognitivos e interpessoais das pacientes. Quatro pacientes foram estudadas. Foram atendidas em ambulatório público e préviamente diagnosticadas com depressão bipolar, segundo Entrevista Psiquiátrica (SCID-I/CV-DSM-IV). Resultados indicaram sentimentos depreciativos na autoimagem, conteúdos eufóricos e falta de insight sobre a auto-tolerância ao estresse. Aspectos emocionais e cognitivos influenciaram no contexto interpessoal, acentuando o sofrimento. Outros dados qualitativos clínicos foram observados e comentados. Palavras-chave: Transtorno depressivo bipolar; Afeto; Cognição; Estresse; Rorschach. AbstractThe bipolar affective disorder induces incapacitation and social isolation, and might lead to suicide. It was a clinical study of multiple cases using the following instruments: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Suicide Inventory (BSI), Hamilton Scale of Depression (HAM-D) and the Rorschach, by Exner's Comprehensive System (CS). The objective was to analyze the affective, cognitive and interpersonal aspects of the patients. Four female out-patients who were previously diagnosed as bipolar depressive, by the Psychiatry Interview according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (SCID-I/CV-DSM-IV) criteria were studied. Results had indicated undervalued feelings about themselves, euphoric contents and lack of insight about the self-tolerance related to stress controls. Emotional and cognitive aspects have influenced the interpersonal context leading to increased suffering. Other qualitative and clinic data have been observed and commented.

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“…-Original clinical studies published in English, (Table 1). 5,7,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] One of these 12 papers also compared suicidal behavior between patients in mixed states and patients in a pure depressive episode. 27 These papers had samples of varying sizes criteria.…”

Section: Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Reviews Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed states and suicidal behavior: a systematic review

Lage

Santana

Nardi

et al. 2019

Trends Psychiatry Psychother.

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Introduction The objective of this study was to identify whether mixed states in bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with more frequent suicidal behavior when compared to manic/hypomanic and depressive episodes. Method We performed a systematic search of the scientific literature on the subject using the PubMed, ISI Web Of Science, PsycINFO and SciELO databases. The terms chosen for the search were (bipolar) AND (suicid*) AND (mixed). We selected original studies comparing suicidal behavior of patients in mixed states and suicidal behavior of patients in other BD phases. Results Sixteen papers fit the selection criteria. Twelve of the original 16 studies compared suicidal behavior in mixed states and pure mania, and the majority of these studies (n = 11) revealed that suicidal behavior was more frequent among individuals in mixed states. Five of the papers compared suicidal behavior between depressive and mixed phases of BD. One of these five papers reported more severe suicidal behavior in patients in mixed states and another described more frequent suicidal behavior in patients with pure depression. There were no significant statistical differences between groups in the remaining three of these five studies. Conclusion During acute BD episodes, suicidal behavior is more strongly associated with mixed states than with pure mania or hypomania. However, it was not possible to demonstrate that the association between suicidal behavior and mixed states is stronger than the association between suicidal behavior and depressive phases. The results hereby presented are worth considering in clinical practice to better evaluate suicide risk and to prevent suicide.

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A clinical study comparing manic and mixed episodes in patients with bipolar disorder

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder type I: an update for the clinician

Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder type I: an update for the clinician

Cognição, afeto e relacionamento interpessoal de mulheres com transtorno afetivo bipolar

Mixed states and suicidal behavior: a systematic review

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