Effects of post-grazing forage mass on a beef cattle grazing system on Tanzânia grass pastures

Penati, Marco Antonio; Corsi, Moacyr; Congio, Guilhermo Francklin de Souza; Almeida, Pedro Castro de; Goulart, Ricardo Cazerta Duarte; Shiota, Miguel Miiti

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982014000600003

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In a Marandu palisadegrass pasture maintained at 30 cm under continuous stocking and fertilized with 0, 150, 300, and 450 kg N ha -1 yr -1 , the LAI was increased by 100% when N rate increased from 0 to 450 kg ha -1 yr -1 (Pereira et al, 2014). Reduction in GE with lesser grazing intensity has been reported for tall fescue (Agnusdei et al, 2007;Braga et al, 2007;Smart et al, 2010;Penati et al, 2014). Reduction in GE with lesser grazing intensity has been reported for tall fescue (Agnusdei et al, 2007;Braga et al, 2007;Smart et al, 2010;Penati et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Canopy Height and Nitrogen Affect Herbage Accumulation, Nutritive Value, and Grazing Efficiency of ‘Mulato II’ Brachiariagrass

et al. 2016

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Brachiaria sp. grasses are widely used in planted pastures in Brazil. ‘Mulato II’ is a productive Brachiaria hybrid (B. ruziziensis × B. decumbens × B. brizantha) with high nutritive value, but it has not been evaluated under continuous stocking in Brazil, despite this method being widely used by producers. The objectives of this research were to quantify the effects of three canopy heights (10, 25, and 40 cm), maintained by mimicking continuous stocking, and two N rates (50 and 250 kg ha–1 yr–1) on herbage accumulation (HA), grazing efficiency (GE), and nutritive value of Mulato II during two summer rainy seasons in Piracicaba, Brazil. The N rates were chosen so that canopy height effects could be evaluated under distinctly different grass growth rates. Grass HA increased linearly (8640 to 13,400 kg DM ha–1 yr–1), in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM) decreased linearly (652 to 586 g kg–1), and GE decreased (linear and quadratic; 65 to 44%) as canopy height increased. There were no height × N rate interactions for these responses. Mulato II was less productive (7940 vs. 13 380 kg ha–1 yr–1) and had lesser IVDOM (581 vs. 652 g kg–1) at the lower N rate. Thus, although GE and IVDOM were greatest for 10 cm, HA was 36% less for the 10‐ than the 40‐cm height, and despite greatest HA occurring at 40 cm, both GE and IVDOM were greater at shorter heights. These data suggest that ∼25‐cm canopy height is optimal for continuously stocked Mulato II.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Stapf, 'Marandu'], and cultivar Tanzania guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) (Agnusdei et al, 2007;Braga et al, 2007;Smart et al, 2010;Penati et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canopy Height and Nitrogen Affect Herbage Accumulation, Nutritive Value, and Grazing Efficiency of ‘Mulato II’ Brachiariagrass

et al. 2016

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“…The SR was adjusted every 14 days in order to provide a daily green leaf allowance of 3 kg DM 100 kg BW −1 considering the testers and put-and-take animals. The herbage mass was estimated through 5 sub-samples per paddock harvested from soil surface level 4 and plant-part components by hand separation into leaf (leaf blades), stem (stems + leaf sheaths) and dead material 56 . The average SR, expressed as animal unit (450 kg BW) ha d −1 , was calculated by multiplying www.nature.com/scientificreports/ days of grazing for each tester and put-and-take animal on a pasture by the average weight of that animal during the experiment, summing this product across all animals in the paddock, and then dividing by 450 and by the number of grazing days for that pasture 59 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spittlebug damage on tropical grass and its impact in pasture-based beef production systems

Congio

Almeida

Barreto

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Spittlebugs are the main pest of tropical pastures and Marandu palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) is the most representative cultivated pasture in the tropics. Our objective was to characterize Marandu palisade grass responses subjected to Mahanarva (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) attack and to estimate the losses in terms of beef production from pasture-based systems. A set of five experiments were carried out. Three consecutive years of monitoring showed that Mahanarva spittlebugs increased their abundance after first rains with three to four peaks throughout the wet season. A decrease of 66% on herbage yield was observed in the greenhouse trial, with an average decrease of 61% on pools of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, crude protein, neutral-detergent fiber and in vitro digestible dry matter of Marandu palisade grass. Results from field experiments corroborated with greenhouse trial showing decreases on herbage yield varying from 31 to 43% depending on level of fertilization and grazing severity of Marandu palisade grass. Finally, an unprecedented 154-ha field experiment indicated that Mahanarva decreases 74% the beef productivity (i.e. kg body weight ha −1) of Nellore heifers grazing Marandu palisade grass. Brazil has the largest commercial beef cattle herd and is one of the top beef exporters in the world 1. Brazilian beef represents 20% of all global beef trading and, together with other agricultural commodities, it sums to about 21% of gross domestic product in Brazil 2. Beef cattle production in Brazil is characterized by pasture-based systems of which almost 90% of the cattle slaughtered comes from 3. However, despite highly representative, pasture-based livestock systems are extensive and conducted with low technology inputs resulting in low stocking rates (SR) and animal performance (i.e. average daily gain, ADG). Studies have reported beef production greater than 1,500 kg of body weight (BW) ha year −1 whilst the Brazilian average is much lower at about 150 kg BW ha year −14. Many factors stand out as key drivers for this poor productivity, among them: inadequate grazing management strategies, low soil fertility, and pest damage 5. The 215 million head of cattle in Brazil occupy approximately 160 million hectares composed by 70% of cultivated pasture species and 30% of native grasslands 6,7. Marandu palisade grass {Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R. D. Webster [syn. Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf]} is the most representative of the cultivated pasture species, grown in about 50 million hectares in the country 8. It was launched by Embrapa in 1984 as an alternative to signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, syn. Urochloa decumbens Stapf R.D. Webster) owing to its higher herbage yield and, mainly because of its resistance to "pasture spittlebugs" such as Notozulia entreriana (Berg, 1879), Deois flavopicta (Stål, 1854) and Deois schach (Fabricius, 1787) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) 9. However, from the mid-1990s, spittlebugs from the genus Mahanarva have been r...

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“…Harvesting percentage and amount of forage are mainly related to grazing intensity rather than production in both years and treatments (Holechek et al 1998, Hanselka et al 2001, Penati et al 2014). The grazing intensity was not a factor in the experiment so some extent of differences occurred between years and plots, therefore, its intensity showed some variation both between years and treatments.…”

Section: Grazing Percentagementioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and survival of Scots pine saplings under controlled grazing in forest plantation areas of the high altitude rangelands

Bilgili¹,

Koç

Güllap

et al. 2022

BALT FOR

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This study was carried out to determine the effects of controlled cattle grazing in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) plantationthat in the edge of forest areas because animal husbandry has a significant role and forage gap is a main problem in the area. For this purpose, the study was carried out in a Scots pine plantation with an average of 2,160 m altitude in the forest edge rangeland area between 2012 and 2015. The study area was divided into 12 plots in total, with each plot 0.2 ha in size. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications in a split plot arrangement keeping Scots pine sapling height (0–60 cm, 61–90 cm and > 90 cm) and four grazing treatments (Ungrazed, grazed in June, grazed in July, grazed in August). The relative diameter and height increments were determined along with the survival percentages for the saplings. According to the results; overall, less than 1% of saplings were found to be damaged as a result of the treatments. In all the grazing plots, the Scots pine saplings had more diameter and height increment than the ungrazed plots on average. In conclusion, controlled cattle grazing in July and August can provide both good quality forage for regional livestock and positive contributions to the growth of saplings, provided that saplings have more than 60 cm in height. Keywords: Scots pine, plantation, sapling, growing, forest, grazing

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Effects of post-grazing forage mass on a beef cattle grazing system on Tanzânia grass pastures

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Canopy Height and Nitrogen Affect Herbage Accumulation, Nutritive Value, and Grazing Efficiency of ‘Mulato II’ Brachiariagrass

Canopy Height and Nitrogen Affect Herbage Accumulation, Nutritive Value, and Grazing Efficiency of ‘Mulato II’ Brachiariagrass

Spittlebug damage on tropical grass and its impact in pasture-based beef production systems

Growth and survival of Scots pine saplings under controlled grazing in forest plantation areas of the high altitude rangelands

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