Forage accumulation in brachiaria grass under continuous grazing with single or variable height during the seasons of the year

Santos, Manoel Eduardo Rozalino; Fonseca, Dilermando Miranda da; Gomes, Virgílio Mesquita

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982013000500002

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In this regard, in order to optimise forage accumulation in palisadegrass, the current recommendation is to maintain pastures under a continuous stocking rate, at a height of 20 to 40 cm (DA SILVA et al, 2013). However, one hypothesis is that the sward height should be flexible throughout the year (SANTOS; FONSECA; GOMES, 2013;PESSOA et al, 2016). Increasing the height from winter to summer would increase plant growth and minimise the elongation of the stem compared with maintaining the sward at a constant height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphogenesis of marandu palisadegrass at fixed or variable heights in different seasons of the year

Santos

Cardoso

Silva³

et al. 2020

Biosci. J.

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Height variations in a sward over the year may be efficient for increasing plant growth, compared with maintenance of the sward at a constant height. Thus, this experiment was conducted from February 2013 to May 2014 to characterise the development of Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (marandu palisadegrass), managed under three defoliation strategies: constant height (30 cm during the entire experimental period), increasing height (15 cm in the winter, 30 cm in the spring, and 45 cm in the summer), and decreasing height (45 cm in the winter, 30 cm in the spring, and 15 cm in the summer). The experimental design was completely randomised, in a split-plot arrangement, with four replicates. Phyllochron was higher in the winter, but leaf and stem elongation rates and the number of live leaves per tiller were lower compared with the spring and summer. In the summer, the swards under increasing height displayed a higher phyllochron than those under decreasing and constant height. When comparing seasons, the highest leaf senescence rate occurred in spring. In the winter, the sward with increasing height had shorter leaves and stems, in contrast to the summer. The sward under decreasing height showed a high stem elongation rate in the spring. Marandu palisadegrass has great flexibility in terms of defoliation management and a typical seasonal development pattern. Modifying the sward height results in a gradual change in the development of marandu palisadegrass and generates residual effects on the subsequent season.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphogenesis of marandu palisadegrass at fixed or variable heights in different seasons of the year

Santos

Cardoso

Silva³

et al. 2020

Biosci. J.

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“…For this reason, average pasture height has been recommended as a management criterion for when to commence and cease grazing (Silva and Nascimento Júnior 2007). Studies on grazing management strategies, based on pasture height, enable the understanding of variations in pasture structure, as well as the responses of animals and plants to these variations (Trindade et al 2007;Fonseca et al 2012Fonseca et al , 2013. Sbrissia et al (2010) suggested that the optimal height range for management of marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha syn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marandu) under continuous grazing during the rainy season was 20-40 cm. However, Santos et al (2013) suggested that pasture height should be adjusted according to the season of the year to optimize the productivity of the pasture. Other studies, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of sward height in the fall and winter as a strategy to improve the structure of marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu)

Santos

Simplício

Silva

et al. 2017

Trop. Grassl.-Forrajes Trop.

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Reduction of sward height in the fall and winter as a strategy to improve the structure of marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) Reducción AbstractThe objective of this study was to identify defoliation strategies that might improve the structure of Urochloa brizantha (syn. Brachiaria brizantha) cv. Marandu (marandu palisadegrass). The following 3 defoliation strategies were compared in a plot study: sward kept at 15 cm in fall and winter (W) and 30 cm in spring (Sp) and summer (Su) (15W-30Sp-30Su); sward kept at 30 cm during the entire experimental period (30W-30Sp-30Su); and sward kept at 45 cm in fall and winter and 30 cm in spring and summer (45W-30Sp-30Su). The experimental design was completely randomized, with 4 replicates. Plots were cut with shears to the appropriate height weekly in winter and twice weekly in spring, summer and fall. Tiller density, mean tiller weight, leaf area index, forage mass, percentage of live leaf blades and percentage of stems were measured every 28 days. Forage mass in winter was directly related to pasture height (P<0.05) but differences had disappeared by summer (P>0.05). Mean tiller density was independent of cutting height but was higher in spring and summer than in winter (P<0.05). Mean tiller weight in winter was directly related to cutting height (P<0.05) but differences had disappeared by summer. The percentage of live leaf blades in the swards was affected by season with spring>summer>winter and by cutting height in fall/winter with leaf percentage inversely related to cutting height. Stem percentage in the swards in winter was directly related to cutting height. Grazing studies seem warranted to determine if these plot results are reflected under grazing conditions and what the impacts are on animal performance.Keywords: Herbage mass, leaf area index, morphological composition, tillering. ResumenEl objetivo del estudio, conducido en Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil, fue identificar estrategias de defoliación con el fin de mejorar la estructura de una pastura de Urochloa brizantha (sin. Brachiaria brizantha) cv. Marandu. Se compararon 3 estrategias: (1) mantener el pasto a una altura de 15 cm en otoño e invierno (W) y de 30 cm en primavera (Sp) y verano (Su) (15W-30Sp-30Su); (2) mantener el pasto a una altura de 30 cm durante todo el período experimental (30W-30Sp-30Su); y (3) mantener el pasto a una altura de 45 cm en otoño e invierno y de 30 cm en primavera y verano (45W-30Sp-30Su). El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar, con 4 repeticiones. Las parcelas se cortaron con tijeras a la altura respectiva semanalmente en invierno y 2 veces por semana en primavera, verano y otoño. se midieron la densidad de brotes, el peso medio de los brotes, el índice de área foliar, la masa de forraje, el porcentaje de hojas vivas y el porcentaje de tallos. La masa forrajera en invierno se relacionó directamente con la altura del pasto (P<0.05), pero las diferencias desaparecieron en verano (P>0.05). La densidad media de los brot...

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“…Therefore, this research aimed at assessing quantitative and qualitative carcass characteristics in purebred Nellore and crossbred Nellore x Santa Gertrudis cows reared exclusively on brachiaria pastures (Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu), once these grass species cover more than 80% of Brazilian grazing areas (SANTOS et al, 2013). Thirty-two female bovines of around 32 ± 1.5 months of age, being 16 purebred Nellore and 16 crossbred Nellore and Santa Gertrudis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcass characteristics of purebred and crossbred Nellore females fed solely pasture

Pivaro¹,

Henrique²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2016

SCA

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This research aimed to compare carcasses of purebred and crossbred Nellore females reared uniquely on pasture (Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu). Breeds assessed consisted of purebred Nellore (16) and Nellore x Santa Gertrudis crossbred (16), being 32 ± 1.5 months old. All animals were slaughtered as they reached 450 kg. Crossbred females showed higher slaughter, hot and cold carcass weights and longer lengths (P < 0.05). Conversely, purebred animals attained greater carcass yields (P < 0.05). Nonetheless, crossbred females had higher primal cut weights and plate/ flank percentage (P < 0.05). Also, non-carcass components as kidneys, liver, kidney-pelvic-heart fat showed higher weights for crossbred females (P < 0.05). Thus, regarding beef cattle reared and finished exclusively on grazing areas, crossbred females (Nellore x Santa Gertrudis) may be the most profitable ones for cattle raisers, since they produce heavier slaughtering carcasses. Notwithstanding, they might be interesting for meat industry, for yielding more in prime cuts than purebreds, even if raised at the same conditions and slaughtered at same age. Key words: Bovines. Brachiaria. Commercial cuts. Breeds. Slaughter. ResumoObjetivou-se comparar as características da carcaça de fêmeas bovinas contemporâneas de diferentes grupos genéticos criadas e terminadas exclusivamente em pastagem (Brachiaria decumbens e Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu). Foram utilizadas 16 da raça Nelore e 16 Nelore x Santa Gertrudis, com idade média de 32 ± 1,5 meses. Os animais foram abatidos no mesmo dia quando as fêmeas Nelore atingiram o peso aproximado de 450 kg. As fêmeas cruzadas apresentaram maiores (P < 0,05) peso de abate, de carcaça quente e resfriada e comprimento da carcaça, já as Nelore apresentaram o melhor rendimento de carcaça (P < 0,05). Os pesos de todos os cortes primários, o rendimento da ponta de agulha e os pesos dos rins, fígado, gordura perirenal-pélvica-inguinal foram maiores (P < 0,05) para as fêmeas cruzadas. Quando se utiliza sistemas de produção de bovinos criados e terminados em pastagem, o uso de fêmeas cruzadas Nelore x Santa Gertrudis é mais vantajoso para o produtor, pois apresentam carcaças mais pesadas, e para a indústria de carne, pelo maior rendimento de cortes nobres, do que fêmeas Nelore criadas nas mesmas condições e abatidas com a mesma idade. Palavras-chave: Abate. Bovinos. Braquiária. Cortes comerciais. Grupos genéticos.

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Forage accumulation in brachiaria grass under continuous grazing with single or variable height during the seasons of the year

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

The morphogenesis of marandu palisadegrass at fixed or variable heights in different seasons of the year

The morphogenesis of marandu palisadegrass at fixed or variable heights in different seasons of the year

Reduction of sward height in the fall and winter as a strategy to improve the structure of marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu)

Carcass characteristics of purebred and crossbred Nellore females fed solely pasture

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