Consumo e digestibilidade em bovinos em pastejo durante o período das águas sob suplementação com fontes de compostos nitrogenados e de carboidratos

Costa, V.; Detmann, Edênio; Paulino, Mário Fonseca; Filho, Sebastião de Campos Valadares; Carvalho, Isabela Pena Carvalho de; Monteiro, Luana Pereira

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982011000800024

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Similar results to that reported in the current study were found by Costa et al (2011), who evaluated the supplementation of grazing cattle using corn and citrus pulp, and observed no effect of the carbohydrate sources on the intake of CP, NDF, NFC, and EE. These authors also found a similar behavior in the digestibility of nutrients to that observed in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed sunflower or corn silages and concentrate based on citrus pulp or ground corn

et al. 2017

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-This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diets containing sunflower or corn silages and concentrate based on citrus pulp or ground corn on intake, apparent digestibility, feeding behavior, microbial protein production, and production, composition, and fatty acid profile of milk from dairy cows. Eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows (586±61 kg live weight; 25.0±4.0 kg daily milk yield at 80 to 120 days in milk) were randomly assigned to a double 4 × 4 Latin square design with a 2 × 2 factorial array. The experimental diets were: sunflower silage + citrus pulp-based concentrate; sunflower silage + ground corn-based concentrate; corn silage + citrus pulp-based concentrate; and corn silage + ground corn-based concentrate. The dry matter intake was highest for diets containing sunflower silage and lowest for diets with citrus pulp. Sunflower silage provided the highest intakes of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and ether extract. Except for the ether extract, the type of forage and carbohydrate did not influence the apparent nutrient digestibility. The forage and carbohydrate sources did not influence the feed eating time, but animals fed sunflower silage showed decreased rumination time and chewing activity. The microbial protein production was not altered with the diets. No differences were observed for milk production or composition, except for the milk urea nitrogen and lactose concentration. The type of forage influenced the milk fatty acid profile, to which corn silage presented higher values for fatty acids up to a 17-carbon chain length. The inclusion of sunflower silage and citrus pulp, compared with corn silage and ground corn, alters dry matter intake and ingestive behavior, but maintains milk production and composition with satisfactory characteristics of the milk fatty acid profile, providing an alternative feed for dairy cows.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed sunflower or corn silages and concentrate based on citrus pulp or ground corn

et al. 2017

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“…However, the availability of foods for ruminants in the tropics varies depending on seasonality, with a distinct dry period and a rainy period (Figueiras et al, 2010;Costa et al, 2011). In the dry period (AprilSeptember), the tropical forages available for animal feeding show a high fiber and lignin content and the levels of CP are often <7%, a value considered limiting for microbial protein synthesis by ruminal microorganisms (Lazzarini et al, 2009;Figueiras et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the dry period (AprilSeptember), the tropical forages available for animal feeding show a high fiber and lignin content and the levels of CP are often <7%, a value considered limiting for microbial protein synthesis by ruminal microorganisms (Lazzarini et al, 2009;Figueiras et al, 2010). In the rainy period (October-March), the forages have a more adequate CP content (16%), but the synthesis of microbial protein is still limited because of the high degradability of the CP in the forages (Costa et al, 2011). Supplementation is the main strategy for avoiding these limitations and adjusting the nutritional imbalance in tropical pastures, being a common practice in dairy and beef farming (Lazzarini et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of protein supplementation on ruminal parameters and microbial community fingerprint of Nellore steers fed tropical forages

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Azevedo

Gomes

et al. 2016

Animal

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In tropical regions, protein supplementation is a common practice in dairy and beef farming. However, the effect of highly degradable protein in ruminal fermentation and microbial community composition has not yet been investigated in a systematic manner. In this work, we aimed to investigate the impact of casein supplementation on volatile fatty acids (VFA) production, specific activity of deamination (SAD), ammonia concentration and bacterial and archaeal community composition. The experimental design was a 4 × 4 Latin square balanced for residual effects, with four animals (average initial weight of 280 ± 10 kg) and four experimental periods, each with duration of 29 days. The diet comprised Tifton 85 (Cynodon sp.) hay with an average CP content of 9.8%, on a dry matter basis. Animals received basal forage (control) or infusions of pure casein (230 g) administered direct into the rumen, abomasum or divided (50 : 50 ratio) in the rumen/abomasum. There was no differences ( P > 0.05) in ruminal pH and microbial protein concentration between supplemented v. non-supplemented animals. However, in steers receiving ruminal infusion of casein the SAD and ruminal ammonia concentration increased 33% and 76%, respectively, compared with the control. The total concentration of VFA increased ( P < 0.05) in steers receiving rumen infusion of casein. SAD and the microbial protein concentration did not vary significantly among treatments during the feeding cycle, but mean SAD values were greater in steers supplemented in the rumen and rumen/abomasum. Ruminal ammonia concentration was positively correlated with SAD in animals receiving ruminal infusion of casein. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis revealed low similarity between treatments, animals and time of sample collection. Richness analysis and determination of the Shannon-Wiener index indicated no differences ( P > 0.05) in species richness and diversity of γ-proteobacteria, firmicutes and archaea between non-supplemented Nellore steers and steers receiving casein supplementation in the rumen. However, species richness and the Shannon-Wiener index were lower ( P < 0.05) for the phylum bacteroidetes in steers supplemented with casein in the rumen compared with non-supplemented animals. Venn diagrams indicated that the number of unique bands varied considerably among individual animals and was usually higher in number for non-supplemented steers compared with supplemented animals. These results add new knowledge about the effects of ruminal and postruminal protein supplementation on metabolic activities of rumen microbes and the composition of bacterial and archaeal communities in the rumen of steers.Keywords: beef cattle, casein, rumen degradable protein, deamination, microbial fingerprint ImplicationsFormulation of cattle diets requires balancing the availability of carbohydrates and protein in order to maximize microbial growth in the rumen. Increasing the availability of rumen degradable protein (RDP) is useful to red...

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“…Este comportamento torna a suplementação estritamente proteica diferenciada em relação àquela com suplementos proteico-energéticos, na qual efeitos substitutivos em relação ao consumo de forragem são comumente observados (Detmann et al, 2001b;Costa et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…As estimativas médias de consumo de FDN se situaram em patamares superiores ao que seria esperado quando mecanismos físicos de controle de consumo são predominantes (Mertens, 1994). Associando-se isto à não-alteração do consumo de FDN, mesmo com estímulos que teoricamente reduziriam o efeito físico de repleção (Tabelas 8 e 9), pode-se inferir que aspectos metabólicos de regulação do consumo sejam mais proeminentes quando pasto de alta qualidade é disponibilizado aos animais, como destacado por outros autores 2005b;Costa et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Consumo e dinâmica ruminal da fibra em detergente neutro em bovinos em pastejo no período das águas recebendo suplementação com nitrogênio não-proteico e/ou proteína verdadeira

et al. 2011

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RESUMO -Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes relações entre proteína verdadeira e nitrogênio não-proteico sobre o consumo e a dinâmica de trânsito e degradação ruminal da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) da forragem em bovinos em pastejo durante o período das águas. Foram utilizados cinco novilhos mestiços Holandês × Zebu, castrados, com peso corporal inicial de 335±35 kg fistulados no rúmen e no abomaso. Os tratamentos foram: controle (somente pasto); e suplementos com ureia; com 2/3 de compostos nitrogenados oriundos da ureia e 1/3 de compostos nitrogenados oriundos da albumina; com 1/3 de compostos nitrogenados oriundos da ureia e 2/3 de compostos nitrogenados oriundos da albumina; e com albumina. effects of supplementation on voluntary intake, except for CP intake, which was increased by supplementation. The replacement of urea by albumin in the supplements caused linear effect on the CP intake. The intakes of the other diet components were not affected by the supplement composition. There was no effect on ruminal rate of passage of fibrous compounds. Supplementation increased the estimates of common rate of lag and degradation of NDF. However, no effect of supplement composition alteration was observed on this parameter. Supplementation of cattle with rumen degradable (protein or non-protein) nitrogenous compounds for grazing cattle during rainy season does not affect voluntary intake of pasture.

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Consumo e digestibilidade em bovinos em pastejo durante o período das águas sob suplementação com fontes de compostos nitrogenados e de carboidratos

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed sunflower or corn silages and concentrate based on citrus pulp or ground corn

Performance of lactating dairy cows fed sunflower or corn silages and concentrate based on citrus pulp or ground corn

Effect of protein supplementation on ruminal parameters and microbial community fingerprint of Nellore steers fed tropical forages

Consumo e dinâmica ruminal da fibra em detergente neutro em bovinos em pastejo no período das águas recebendo suplementação com nitrogênio não-proteico e/ou proteína verdadeira

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