2008
DOI: 10.1590/s1516-35982008001000018
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Latent heat loss of Holstein cows in a tropical environment: a prediction model

Abstract: -Nine lactating Holstein cows with average 526 ± 5 kg of BW, five predominantly black and four predominantly white, bred in a tropical region and managed in open pasture were observed to measure cutaneous and respiratory evaporation rates under different environmental conditions. Cows were separated in three weight class: 1 (≤450 kg), 2 (450-500 kg) and 3 (>500 kg). Latent heat loss from cutaneous surface was measured using a ventilated capsule; evaporation in the respiratory system was measured using a facial… Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(11 citation statements)
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References 10 publications
(14 reference statements)
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“…The points for skin temperature lie between those for body-core and air temperatures, a relationship consistent with findings by Gebremedhin et al (2008), Allen (1962) and Thomas & Pearson (1986). Maia et al (2008) found coat temperatures to be between 2 and 14 °C above air temperature, which is consistent with the results reported for B. taurus in the current work. The B. indicus body-core, skin and coat temperatures are all lower than the B. taurus due to their adaptations to hot climate conditions.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 93%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The points for skin temperature lie between those for body-core and air temperatures, a relationship consistent with findings by Gebremedhin et al (2008), Allen (1962) and Thomas & Pearson (1986). Maia et al (2008) found coat temperatures to be between 2 and 14 °C above air temperature, which is consistent with the results reported for B. taurus in the current work. The B. indicus body-core, skin and coat temperatures are all lower than the B. taurus due to their adaptations to hot climate conditions.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 93%
“…The points for skin temperature lie between those for body-core and air temperatures, a relationship consistent with findings by Gebremedhin et al (2008), Allen (1962) and Thomas & Pearson (1986). Maia et al (2008) found coat temperatures to be between 2 and 14°C above air temperature, which is consistent with the results Fig. 4.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 90%
“…A umidade relativa do ar, porém, varia com o inverso da temperatura (Figura 3B), o que favorece a perda de calor, como comprovado por Maia et al (2008) em estudo no qual os autores determinaram, simultaneamente, as taxas de evaporação cutânea e respiratória em ambiente tropical para vacas em lactação; esses pesquisadores observaram, ainda, que um aumento da temperatura de 10 para 36 °C e queda da umidade relativa de 90 para 30%, fizeram com que a perda de energia pela evaporação respiratória aumentasse de 5 para 57 W m -2 e a transferência de energia por evaporação pela superfície corporal, via sudação, passasse de 30 para 350 W m -2 . As imagens termográficas registradas para as diferentes coberturas (Figura 4) apresentam as diferenças de temperatura entre as superfícies interna e externa das coberturas no horário das 14 h, para o dia de maior temperatura média do ar (25,7 ºC) observada no decorrer do período experimental.…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…Cows can maintain a balance of heat production and heat dissipation in the thermoneutral zone (TNZ), in which cows perform the lowest physiological and immune costs, and the highest productivity [ 1 ]. When the thermal environment exceeds TNZ and suppresses the efficiency of non-evaporative heat loss, evaporative heat loss, or both [ 3 , 4 ], various mechanisms are activated in dairy cows to dissipate excess heat and maintain homeothermy [ 5 ]. In the present review, “heat stress” represents the sum of external stressors, forcing the animal to exceed its TNZ.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%