Determinação do melhor nível de sal comum para codornas japonesas em postura

Abstract

RESUMO -Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de determinar o melhor nível de sal comum para codornas japonesas (Coturnix coturnix japonica) em postura. Foram utilizadas 336 codornas com 13 semanas de idade, alojadas em gaiolas de 118 cm 2 /codorna durante 84 dias (quatro ciclos de 21 dias). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com sete tratamentos (0; 0,15; 0,20; 0,25; 0,30; 0,35 e 0,45% de sal comum) e seis repetições de oito aves por parcela. A cada 21 dias, foram avaliados os parâmetros de desempenho (postura, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar) e qualidade dos ovos (peso médio do ovo, massa de ovo, porcentagem e espessura da casca e Unidade Haugh). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos às análises de variância e de regressão e as médias comparadas pelo teste Dunnett a 5% de significância. A equação de regressão ajustada não foi significativa para os parâmetros avaliados em função dos níveis de sal na dieta. Entretanto, pela comparação entre as médias, observou-se que, nos tratamentos com a adição de sal, as aves apresentaram melhor desempenho produtivo e qualidade externa dos ovos, sendo que o nível de 0,15% de sal (equivalente a 0,10% de Na e 0,12% de Cl) foi suficiente para obtenção destes resultados. Palavras-chave: desempenho, qualidade dos ovos, umidade das excretas Determination of the best level of salt for Japanese laying quailsABSTRACT -The aim of this experiment was to determine the best level of salt for Japanese laying quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Three hundred and thirty-six quails with 13 weeks of age were housed in cages with 118 cm 2 /quail for 84 days (four cycles of 21 days each). The experiment was analyzed as a complete randomized design with seven treatments (0, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, and 0.45% of salt) with six replicates of eight quails per pen. Every 21 days, the productive performance (% of production, feed intake and feed gain ratio [kg/kg and kg/dozen]) and egg quality (average egg weight, egg mass, eggshell percentage and thickness and Unit Haugh) were evaluated. Data were submitted to analyses of variance and regression, and the means, compared by Dunnett test at 5% of significance. Regression equation showed no treatment effect on productive performance. However, by the comparison among the means it was observed that the birds fed diet with salt addition showed higher values of performance and external egg quality than control (without salt). The 0.15% salt level (equivalent to 0.10% of Na and 0.12% of Cl) was sufficient to obtain these results.Key Words: egg quality, feces moisture, performance IntroduçãoApesar dos avanços na criação de codornas, as exigên-cias nutricionais dessas aves ainda não estão bem definidas. As rações utilizadas nas criações são formuladas com base nas exigências nutricionais de galinhas de postura ou em dados descritos na literatura internacional, pouco condizentes com as condições brasileiras, o que compromete, às vezes, a produtividade (Murakami & Furlan, 2002).A composição corporal em minerais vari...

Electrolyte balance and crude protein requirement of laying Japanese quail

“…The results obtained in this study are similar to the findings of Murakami et al (2006), who found that when sodium chloride was included in the diet for laying Japanese quail, no significant differences were observed in the productive and egg-quality parameters at chlorine levels between 0.12 and 0.30%. Ribeiro et al (2008) investigated the sodium and chlorine requirements of laying Japanese quail (65 days old), with chlorine levels of 0.08, 0.18, 0.28, and 0.38%; they also did not observe any significant effect of the levels of these elements in the diets on feed intake.…”

“…These results are not in agreement with those of Nobakht et al (2007), wherein, the diet with 360 mEq kg -1 was associated with the highest egg weight The absence of statistical difference for average egg weight in diets with different crude protein levels (21 and 24%) can be explained by the similar amino acid content among the diets, especially digestible methionine + cystine, which is the main factor influencing egg weight, rather than the dietary crude protein level.…”

“…The protein level of the diets did not affect (P>0.05) shell weight, and this finding was similar to that by Murakami et al (1993). However, a significant effect (P<0.05) was observed on shell weight (Table 4) with the use of an electrolyte balance of 200 mEq kg -1 in the diet, for the eggs stored for seven days.…”

“…The electrolyte balance of the basal diets were chosen according to the Murakami et al (2003) recommendation of 205 mEq kg -1 diet, varying by two balances (275 and 350 mEq kg -1 ) above and two below (50 and 125 mEq kg -1 )it.…”

“…In practice, the most widely used salts are potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, and ammonium chloride (VIEITES et al, 2005). For layer birds, the recommended electrolyte balance levels for best productive performance and external eggshell quality are within the range from 174 to 205 mEq kg -1 (MURAKAMI et al, 2003). However, few studies have confirmed the recommendations for these minerals.…”