Coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da proteína e energia de alguns ingredientes utilizados em dietas para o pintado (Pseudoplatystoma coruscans)

Abstract

RESUMO -O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de determinar os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da proteína e da energia dos principais alimentos utilizados na formulação de dietas para alevinos de pintado. Foram utilizados 600 alevinos com peso médio inicial de 9,80 ± 1,48 g e comprimento total médio de 13,00 ± 1,00 cm. Na coleta de fezes, foi utilizado o sistema de Guelph modificado. As 12 dietas-teste foram constituídas por 69,50% de uma dieta de referência, 0,50% de óxido de cromo (marcador inerte) e 30% do ingrediente estudado. Após receberem as dietas teste durante três dias, os peixes foram transferidos para os aquários de coleta (incubadoras de fibra de vidro de 80 litros de capacidade), onde as fezes foram coletadas em intervalos de meia hora. Com base nos coeficientes de digestibilidade da fração protéica, os alimentos que apresentaram maior aproveitamento para esse nutriente foram: farinha de peixe (84,14%), farelo de soja (67,10%), milho (64,18%) e farinha de vísceras de aves (61,25%). Foram observados valores razoáveis somente para a digestibilidade do conteúdo energético em metade dos ingredientes estudados; para as farinhas de peixe, milho, soja integral tostada e os farelos de soja, de trigo e de arroz, os coeficientes médios foram: 72,80; 57,39; 64,95; 61,66; 53,20 ABSTRACT -The present work was developed in order to determine the protein and energy apparent digestibility coefficients of the principal ingredients used in the pintado juvenile diets. Six hundred juveniles with initial weight and total length means of 9.80 ± 1.48 g and 13.00 ± 1.00 cm, respectively, were used. The modified Guelph system was appraised to collect feces. All the twelve test diets were constituted of 69.50% of the reference diet, 0.50% of chromium oxide used as inert marker, and 30% of the ingredient tested. After three days of feeding with the test diets, fish were transferred to the collect aquariums, where feces were collected in intervals of 30 minutes. Using digestibility of the protein, ingredients with best results in this nutrient were fish meal (84.14%), soybean meal (67.10%), corn (64.18%) and chicken poultry by-product (61.25%). Was only observed reasonable values for energy digestibility in half of the ingredients tested; for fish meal, corn, soybean (whole, toasted) and soybean meal of wheat and rice, the mean coefficients values were: 72. 80, 57.39, 64.95, 61.66, 53.20, and 51.84%, respectively IntroduçãoO pintado, Pseudoplatystoma coruscans, (Agassiz, 1829) é uma espécie da família Pimelodidae, encontrado freqüentemente nas Bacias dos Rios Paraguai-Uruguai e São Francisco. Apresenta ótima aceitação de mercado, devido à excelente palatabilidade e ausência de espinhos intramusculares em sua carne, além de poder atingir em um ano, peso duas vezes maior que o das espécies produzidas atualmente.A reprodução de peixes do gênero Pseudoplatystoma vem sendo pesquisada desde o início da década de oitenta, mas só atingiu escala comercial no início da década de noventa. Apesar da tecnologia ...

Performance and nutrient utilization in South American juvenile catfish Pseudoplatystoma spp. weighting 89 - 170g, fed at different energy and protein levels

“…The replacement of fish meal with alternative protein sources remains the major area of research and much has been achieved in reducing the level of fish meal in formulated diets for fish species (Gatlin et al, 2007;Kaushik and Seiliez, 2010). In this context, the use of plant ingredients is one of the scopes to improve sustainability in aquaculture (Hardy, 2010). However, the increase of these ingredients in dietary formulations can lead to amino acid imbalance (Dabrowski et al, 1989).…”

“…This approach probably decreased the effect of amino acid imbalance in diets. The partial replacement of fish meal with plant protein with inclusion of synthetic amino acids, to keep a well-balanced amino acid profile in diets, was already carried out with success for fish growth (Hardy, 2010).…”

“…1. Digestible energy (DE) levels were estimated using the apparent digestibility coefficients of foods obtained by Gonçalves and Carneiro (2003), Teixeira (2008) and Teixeira et al (2010).…”

“…Five diets were formulated to be isoenergetic and with different levels of crude protein as follows: 360, 400, 440, 480 and 520g/kg. The digestible protein in each formulated diet was calculated following the digestibility results derived by Gonçalves and Carneiro (2003) and Teixeira (2008), Teixeira et al (2010).…”

“…Some research has been performed to improve the knowledge on physiology (Arslan et al, 2008;2009;Noffs et al, 2009) and nutrition (Gonçalves and Carneiro, 2003;Teixeira et al, 2010) of surubim juveniles. However, there are still gaps in the information that need to be filled regarding the rearing system and nutrient utilization.…”