Correção da acidez do solo e controle do capim-sapé

Carvalho, M. M.; Xavier, Deise Ferreira; Freitas, Vicente de Paula; Verneque, Rui da Silva

doi:10.1590/s1516-35982000000100005

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…O capim-furão (I. brasiliensis) é uma planta invasora perene que ocorre com frequência em pastagens degradadas e áreas cultivadas. Em casos de infestação mais intensa das pastagens, a disponibilidade de forragem é reduzida para níveis que comprometem a produção animal (Carvalho et al, 2000). O capim-furão não foi registrado nos anos agrí-colas posteriores (2007/2008 e 2008/2009).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Dinâmica de populações e fitossociologia de plantas daninhas no cultivo do feijão-caupi e mandioca no sistema corte e queima com o uso de arado

Marques

Silva²,

Lopes

et al. 2011

Planta daninha

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Palavras-chave: Vigna unguiculata, Manihot sp., sistema itinerante, aração, comunidade infestante.ABSTRACT -This study investigated the floristic composition of weeds in a burnt area in Zé Doca, Maranhão, during three agricultural years. The preparation of the area at the first crop year (2006/ 2007) was by slash-and-burn for maize cultivation, followed by cowpea. In the second and third crop years, the preparation of the area consisted of plowing for maize cultivation, followed by cassava (2007/2008) and later, by cowpea in rotation with cassava (2008/2009). Weed collection in the cowpea and cassava crops was carried out 30 and 60 days after sowing (DAS) during the first and second agricultural year, respectively, and cowpea crop at 30 DAS in the third crop year with a rectangle (0.5 x 0.3 m) randomly placed in the area. Every launch was conducted to evaluate the aerial parts of the weeds harvested for counting, identification and drying to obtain the phytosociological indices. The slash-and-burn practice reduces the variety and number of weeds. Species with the highest IVI were Imperata brasiliensis, Sida glomerata and Corchorus argutus after slash-and-burn in the cowpea culture; and Juncus sp., Spermacoce verticillata, Aeschynomene americana and Cyperus sp. after plowing in the cassava and cowpea cultures. Secondary vegetation plants occurred after burn, but were reduced over time.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Dinâmica de populações e fitossociologia de plantas daninhas no cultivo do feijão-caupi e mandioca no sistema corte e queima com o uso de arado

Marques

Silva²,

Lopes

et al. 2011

Planta daninha

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“…(Brazilian Satintail), Figure 1. The plant is considered a weed that can be found in degraded pastures and grown in different regions of Brazil, such as the South, Southeast, Northeast and Midwest (Carvalho et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of a New Lignocellulosic Fiber from Brazil:Imperata brasiliensis(Brazilian Satintail) as an Alternative Source for Nanocellulose Extraction

Benini

Voorwald

Cioffi

et al. 2016

Journal of Natural Fibers

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The chemical, physical and thermal properties of a new lignocellulosic fiber from Brazil (Imperata brasiliensis) were examined by SEM, chemical composition, XRD, FTIR, and TGA. Fibers were analyzed aiming to compare the properties of its new natural resource with other lignocellulosic fibers used as a source of nanocellulose extraction. Microscopy analysis demonstrated that the bundle of fibers presented a variety of size and shapes, ranging between 25 and 500 µm, while a single fiber has a diameter of 5 µm. The chemical composition showed the presence of 37.7% of cellulose, 35% of hemicellulose and 14.3% of lignin. The total crystallinity index (CI) calculated using Segal method was of 36.6%. By TGA, it was possible to identify the degradation step of each primary component of lignocellulosic fiber and to observe that the onset degradation temperature was 157°C. With the results of ATR-FTIR technique, it was possible to estimate the CI, and the results exhibited good agreement with that calculated by XRD. Finally it was possible to conclude that fibers obtained from Imperata brasiliensis are suitable to be used as a resource for nanocellulose obtainment since presents almost the same properties of other lignocellulosic fibers successfully used in literature for nanocellulose extraction. 摘要在本研究中，用 SEM、化学组成、X射线衍射、红外光谱和 TGA 等方法检查一种来自巴西的新木质纤维素纤维(巴西白茅)的化学、物理和热性质。研究分析旨在将其新型天然资源的性质与作为纳米纤维素提取源的木质纤维素纤维进行比较。显微镜分析表明，纤维束呈现多种尺寸和形状，范围在 25 和 500 微米之间，而单纤维的直径为 5 微米。化学组成显示纤维素占37.7％，半纤维素占 35％，木质素占 14.3％。使用西格尔方法计算的总结晶度指数(CI)为36.6％。根据TGA，可以确定木质纤维素纤维的每个主成分的降解步骤，且观测到的发作降解温度为 157℃。使用 ATR-FTIR 技术的结果，可以估计 CI，其结果与通过 XRD 的计算结果相当吻合。最后，可以得出结论，从巴西白茅提取的纤维适于用作纳米纤维素的获得来源，因为其中纤维的性质与文献中用来成功提取纳米纤维素的其他木质纤维素几乎完全相同。

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“…Imperata brasiliensis Trin. (satintail) is well known to occupy large gaps created by fire in tropical montane moist forest [28] or after cropping in Amazonian wet forests [29]. Wagner et al [30] pointed out the negative competitive effects of I. brasiliensis in commercial forestry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does a Native Grass (Imperata BrasiliensisTrin.) Limit Tropical Forest Restoration Like an Alien Grass (Melinis MinutifloraP. Beauv.)?

César¹,

Viani

et al. 2014

Tropical Conservation Science

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Abandoned pastures are increasingly targeted for forest restoration in the neotropics. However, the dominance of such areas by fodder grasses imposes a challenge for efficient and low cost control. Therefore, we questioned whether alien and native grasses equally affect: (1) natural regeneration; (2) natural regeneration under artificial perches; and (3) planted seedling development. Our study was carried out in an abandoned pasture in southeastern Brazil, in the Atlantic Forest biome. For (1) we installed plots in grass patches of Melinis minutiflora (molasse grass, an alien grass) and Imperata brasiliensis (satintail, a native grass that occurs in degraded areas); for (2) we installed plots under perches in alien and native grass patches; and for (3) we compared overall planted seedling mortality and development of four tree species in alien and native grass patches. Density and diversity of woody species in natural regeneration and under perches were similar for invasive and native grass patches. However, species composition differed between alien and native grass patches (Ellenberg similarity of 28% for perches and 35% for natural regeneration in different grass patches). Seedling mortality was similar for both alien and native grasses. Except for two tree species, development was similar for both native and alien grass patches. Our results indicate that the biological barriers imposed by a given grass species for forest succession and restoration must not be estimated based only on the species' origin. Keywords: restoration ecology, alien species, biological barriers. ResumoA restauração florestal nos neotrópicos é geralmente realizada em pastagens degradadas. No entanto a dominância de tais áreas por gramíneas agressivas demandam o desenvolvimento de metodologias para seu controle. Ao mesmo tempo, pouco se sabe sobre a interação das espécies de gramíneas com os métodos de restauração e na sucessão em áreas degradadas. Desta forma, questionamos se gramíneas invasoras e nativas afetam igualmente a regeneração natural (1); regeneração sob poleiros artificiais (2); e desenvolvimento de mudas plantadas (3). Para (1) instalamos parcelas em áreas dominadas por Melinis minutiflora (capimgordura, uma gramínea invasora) e Imperata brasiliensis (sapê, uma gramínea nativa que ocorre em áreas degradas); para (2) instalamos parcelas sob poleiros artificiais em áreas com gramíneas invasoras ou nativas; e para (3) comparamos a mortalidade das mudas plantadas e o desenvolvimento de quatro espécies de mudas arbóreas nativas plantadas em áreas dominadas por gramíneas nativas ou invasoras. A densidade e diversidade de espécies lenhosas regenerando naturalmente e recrutadas sob os poleiros artificiais foram semelhantes em gramíneas exóticas e invasoras. No entanto, a composição florística dos regenerantes arbóreos diferiu entre as gramíneas invasoras e nativas (Similaridade de Ellenberg entre as diferentes gramíneas de 28% para poleiros e 35% para a regeneração natural). A mortalidade das mudas plantadas foi semelhante...

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Correção da acidez do solo e controle do capim-sapé

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Dinâmica de populações e fitossociologia de plantas daninhas no cultivo do feijão-caupi e mandioca no sistema corte e queima com o uso de arado

Dinâmica de populações e fitossociologia de plantas daninhas no cultivo do feijão-caupi e mandioca no sistema corte e queima com o uso de arado

Characterization of a New Lignocellulosic Fiber from Brazil:Imperata brasiliensis(Brazilian Satintail) as an Alternative Source for Nanocellulose Extraction

Does a Native Grass (Imperata BrasiliensisTrin.) Limit Tropical Forest Restoration Like an Alien Grass (Melinis MinutifloraP. Beauv.)?

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