Drugs for preventing malaria in travellers

Jacquérioz, Frédérique; Croft, Ashley M.

doi:10.1590/s1516-31802009000600014

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…ATO and PROG is a fixed-dose combination of antimalarial agents used for the prevention and treatment of malaria. However, antimalarial drugs may sometimes cause adverse effects [1][2][3]. Both ATO and PROG have a favourable side effect profile [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malaria has always been a major cause of death in the tropics, and antimalarial drugs have played a key role in controlling its spread through the treatment of patients infected with plasmodial parasites and the control of its transmissibility. On the other hand, antimalarial drugs may exert adverse effects that can sometimes be serious [1][2][3]. In that manner, antimalarial agents should fulfil the requirements of efficacy towards the parasite, in addition to being safe for the consumer and not putting them at an additional risk of adverse effects [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cytogenetic and oxidative status of human lymphocytes after exposure to clinically relevant concentrations of antimalarial drugs atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride in vitro

Dinter

Gajski

Domijan

et al. 2015

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atovaquone (ATO) and proguanil hydrochloride (PROG) is the fixed combination for the prevention and treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. As safe and effective antimalarial drugs are needed in both the treatment and the prophylaxis of malaria, this study was performed to investigate their possible cyto/genotoxic potential towards human lymphocytes and the possible mechanism responsible for it. Two different concentrations of ATO and PROG were used with and without S9 metabolic activation. The concentrations used were those found in human plasma when a fixed-dose combination of ATO and PROG was used: 2950/130 ng/mL after prophylactic treatment and 11 800/520 ng/mL after treatment of malaria, respectively. Possible cellular and DNA-damaging effects were evaluated by cell viability and alkaline comet assays, while oxidative stress potential was evaluated by formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg)-modified comet assay, in addition to measuring malondialdehyde and glutathione levels. According to our results, the ATO/PROG combination displayed only weak cyto/genotoxic potential towards human lymphocytes with no impact on oxidative stress parameters, suggesting that oxidative stress is not implicated in their mechanism of action towards human lymphocytes. Given that the key portion of the damaging effects was induced after S9 metabolic activation, it is to presume that the principal metabolite of PROG, cycloguanil, had the greatest impact. The obtained results indicate that the ATO/PROG combination is relatively safe for the consumption from the aspect of cyto/genotoxicity, especially if used for prophylactic treatment. Nevertheless, further cytogenetic research and regular patient monitoring are needed to minimize the risk of adverse events especially among frequent travellers.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic and oxidative status of human lymphocytes after exposure to clinically relevant concentrations of antimalarial drugs atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride in vitro

Dinter

Gajski

Domijan

et al. 2015

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Malaria is blood protozoan parasite which is transmitted by mosquitos. There are four human species: Plasmodium falciparum , Plasmodium vivax , Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae [ 4 ]. A fifth species, Plasmodium knowlesi is also a parasite of several macaque species, and is thus zoonotic.…”

Section: Malariamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of the two drugs was highly efficacious in the treatment of P. falciparum [ 13 , 17 ]. Malarone ® is taken daily, but because of its’ activity on the hepatic schizont stage of the life cycle it is considered causal prophylaxis and only needs to be taken for one week after leaving a malarial area [ 4 ]. Recent meta-analyses of the efficacy of Malarone ® used as prophylaxis has demonstrated protective efficacy of 95.8% compared to placebo [ 18 ].…”

Section: Malariamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Chemoprophylaxis of Tropical Infectious Diseases

McBride

2010

Pharmaceuticals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Travelers to tropical countries are at risk for a variety of infectious diseases. In some cases effective vaccinations are available, but for other infections chemoprophylaxis can be offered. Malaria prevention has become increasingly complex as Plasmodium species become resistant to available drugs. In certain high risk settings, antibiotics can be used to prevent leptospirosis, scrub typhus and other infections. Post-exposure prophylaxis is appropriate for selected virulent infections. In this article the evidence for chemoprophylaxis will be reviewed.

show abstract